Friday, May 22, 2020
Corporate Social Responsibility Initiatives For Small...
Introduction It is generally difficult to determine whether corporate social responsibility initiatives are easier to implement in small firms as opposed to large firms. Corporate CSR perspective is the ethical responsibility to society and social bodies as the firm adopts due to business, financial, societal, governmental, and, moral image outcomes in society. In addition, the firm adopts ethical responsibility to external entities, which society focuses on and as a result magnifies and sensitises business stance and associations with external social bodies. In fact, CSR is the result of a discussion amongst the firm and its stakeholders about responsibilities and expectations. (Corporate Social Responsibility: One Size Does Not Fit All. Collecting Evidence from Europe) The EU defines small firms as, those that employ 50 staff or less and have a turnover that is e10 million or under as stated in European Commission, 2003b. Small firms and large firms are different, particularly in such areas as financial revenue, resources, market share, numbers of staff and ownership title as it explains in Curran and Blackburn, 2001. (Investigating the Impact of Business Size on Small Business Social Responsibility: A Critical Review) Firm size triggers a particular implementation pattern of CSR, i.e. SMEs is strong in implementing organisational CSR associated processes in fundamental business procedures, where MNCs efficiently connect their obligations to CSR, yet generally lackShow MoreRelatedCorporate Social Responsibility Initiatives For Small Firms Essay2147 Words à |à 9 PagesIntroduction It is generally difficult to determine whether corporate social responsibility initiatives are easier to implement in small firms as opposed to large firms. Corporate CSR perspective is the ethical responsibility to society and social bodies as the firm adopts due to business financial, societal, governmental, and, moral image outcomes in society. In addition, the firm adopts ethical responsibility to external entities, which society focuses on and as a result magnifies and sensitisesRead MoreA Business Plan For The Long Run With Csr Strategies1737 Words à |à 7 Pagesare all highly capable and all received top marks in their courses. Will they succeed in their new venture? Or like so many opening small businesses, will they fail within the first year? This hypothetical situation illustrates, that while itââ¬â¢s a generally accepted fact that most small businesses fail, people still gather capital, human and otherwise, to form small businesses in the ever challenging search for success. Now it is not only important to have a profitable venture in mind, but one thatRead MoreCorporate Social Responsability, New Balance1449 Words à |à 6 Pagesowners did not have an official Corporate Social Responsibility policy there was a strong culture of ââ¬Å"Doing the right thingâ⬠(Veleva, 2010). New Balance owners along with company leadership did realize that New Balance needed to engage in the next step, which was to develop a strong Corporate Social Responsibility. To do this New Balance promoted their senior corporate communications officer to the social responsibility manager. In addition, New Balance hired a firm outside the company to provideRead MoreTo what Extent is Corporate Social Responsibility Beneficial to a Companyââ¬â¢s Performance?1078 Words à |à 5 PagesIn recent years, there have been a growing number of companies that have an explicit Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) plan. As stated by European Commission (2001), CSR is defin ed as ââ¬Å"a concept whereby companies integrate social and environmental concerns in their business operations and in their interaction with their stakeholders on a voluntary basis.â⬠It is believed that the motives for CSR are gradually converting from philanthropic rationale to performance-driven orientation, but the questionRead MoreThe Impact Of Increasing Usage Of Automobiles On The Environment Essay1720 Words à |à 7 Pages1. Introduction 1.1 Background Singapore, a small city state experiencing rapid industrial growth, found itself faced with the new problem of urban traffic congestion since the seventies. (Zolla, K.) A dense population with a strong preference for automobiles, this rise in the number of cars on the road threatens the environment with the burgeoning amount of harmful gas emissions as well as the well-being of the community. 1.2 Purpose The report examines the detrimental impact of increasing usageRead MoreEssay on Citigroup Corporate Social Responsibility Evalutation1331 Words à |à 6 PagesCitigroup Corporate Social Responsibility Evaluation Corporate social responsibility has become a hot term in the past few years as corporations have become larger and even more powerful. Watch-dog organizations have been formed to monitor the actions of corporations and report ââ¬Å"rogueâ⬠companies who do not mean their standards for being socially responsible. Recently, many companies have started to issue corporate social responsibility reports along with their annual reports. Citigroup, a financialRead MoreOrganizational Social Responsibility : The Environment1739 Words à |à 7 PagesMcPherson May 19, 2015 Professor Goll Organizational Social Responsibility Corporate Social Responsibility: The Environment During the late 20th century and early 21st century a business trend called corporate social responsibility has grown in popularity and necessity. Corporate social responsibility has been defined as a form of corporate self-regulation integrated into a business model with the intentions of benefitting bothRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility, Sustainability, And Approaches For Managing Culture And Diversity Of Employment Practices Essay1576 Words à |à 7 PagesExecutive Summary: The following business report will examine some critical concepts which apply to all businesses small or large more specifically to the company of Tata. This report will provide an in depth analysis and evaluation of the areas of corporate social responsibility, sustainability and approaches to managing culture and diversity of employment practices of the company. The methods used to analyse these key areas comprise of the textbook, a wide variety of articles, a quote and a youtubeRead MoreThe Modern E ra Of Social Responsibility1523 Words à |à 7 Pagesimplement. Through effort and diligence, corporate and organizational leaders can responsibly serve the global community in which they provide goods and services. Corporate social responsibility, otherwise known as CSR, has been a topic of interest for centuries. However, the modern era of social responsibility didnââ¬â¢t begin until the 1950s when Howerd R. Bowen (often attributed as the Father of Corporate Social Responsibility) published Social Responsibilities of the Businessman in 1953. Here he presentedRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility in Nepal1457 Words à |à 6 PagesEssay on Corporate Social Responsibility in Context of Nepal Corporate Social Responsibility is the continuing commitment by business to behave ethically and contribute to economic development while improving the quality of life of the workforce and their families as well as of the local community and society at large. While there is no universal definition of corporate social responsibility, it generally refers to transparent business practices that are based on ethical values, Compliance with
Saturday, May 9, 2020
Global Warming And Its Effects - 2015 Words
Global Warming is one of the most impactful issues confronting our planet. It is the rise in the temperature of the world s surface air, and is a standout amongst the most present and generally examined components. It has great effect on the climatic states of the planet as well as on biodiversity. A few test and inclines unmistakably exhibit that global warming is straightforwardly affecting the rising ocean levels, the softening of ice glaciers, and critical overall atmosphere changes. To sum it up, global warming speaks to be a major danger to every living thing on earth as we know it and will continue to do so if no changes are made to retract it. Worldwide normal temperature climbed essentially in the previous century. Theâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦As a result of the imbalance of care which we have made between our life and earth is, as of now giving the ââ¬Å"hints of disasters such as water surges, tornados, avalanches, wave, dry spell, and so forthâ⬠(Romps, 2014). If this lack of care keeps on rising, one day this will rise to question the stability and at worse, the presence and survival of this planet. Carbon dioxide which is an imperative constituent of environment is bringing about a warming impact on the world s surface and this impact has the power to ultimately affect the life and functionality of this planet earth. Carbon Dioxide expands the vanishing of water into the air. Since water vapor itself is a nursery gas, this causes still all the more warming. The warming causes more water vapor to be dissipated. The C02 level is expected to ascend in the future because of the progressing blazing of fossil fuels and land use change. The rate of rise will depend to a great extent on dubious monetary, sociological, mechanical and common advancements. Different gasses, for example, methane, CFCs, nitrous oxide, tropospheric ozone are likewise in charge of a dangerous atmospheric rise, contributing to global warming. Increments in all these gasses are because of hazardous populace
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Fire Safety Case Analysis Free Essays
TO: Mike Carey ââ¬â Vice President of Marketing FROM: Cristian Oana ââ¬â Marketing Consultant DATE: 28/01/2001 SUBJECT: Pricing strategy of future FSI product line. Purpose and Overview Please review the following sections based on your current pricing strategy and market research as well as future recommendations. The report contains a SWOT analysis that will highlight the need for a switch in pricing strategy from the current Value Based pricing to Price leadership. We will write a custom essay sample on Fire Safety Case Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now FSI is the only manufacturer of the HERO line product having only one competitor (Guardian) which currently holds a market share of 42%. This fact underlines our company standing as an Oligopoly and allows us to lead the way in price determination. Summary of Past and Current Situations Self-contained breathing apparatus systems are worn by fire and rescue personnel in hazardous situations where smoke, poisonous gas or low levels of oxygen inhibit search and rescue operations. FSI has been the leading provider of the digital breathing apparatus system since 1990 holding a consistent price of 1485$ per unit. Almost 100% of FSIââ¬â¢s business is conducted with U. S. fire and rescue departments that belong to regional purchasing organizations. Contracts are one year in length with the exception of the California Region. In 2001 FSI increased the price by 5% to increase revenue. In 1995 Guardian introduced their own product line-up and managed to capture up to 42% market share. Their current cost is 1500$/unit. The challenges FSI currently faces is weather a further increase in price will keep its current market share despite competition and maximise revenues for the future. An appropriate pricing strategy must be chosen to ensure the HERO linesââ¬â¢ life cycle. Based on the items highlighted in bold in the following SWOT analysis, a price leadership strategy is recommended. SWOT Analysis STRENGTHS * Unique product line that uses reliable digital equipment. * Fire Safety Inc. has a very well established brand name in the domestic market * Fire Safety Inc. provides the highest quality equipment at an affordable 1560$/ unit. * Increased sales despite 5% price increase * Since Fire Safety Inc. s very successful in the domestic market it established financial resources to possibly expand to foreign markets * Current market situations indicate an Oligopolistic environment * Product is familiar to US consumers ââ¬â identified need for future equipment as stated by law| WEAKNESSES * The established ten year market perception for the price of the product. * No significant product line changes or updates which the competition may take advantage of. * No pa tent protection which may yield more emerging competition in the future. * HERO ââ¬â brand name is not well known outside the domestic market. Companyââ¬â¢s variable cost per unit of $560 may be high. | OPPORTUNITIES * New standards require fire and rescue departments to convert to digital technology. * Opportunities for gaining market further share and profit maximization. * Opportunities to achieve higher level of profit * New product innovations that can be incorporated into existing product line * Opportunity to expand to other foreign markets * Extending contracts to 3 years across the US to guarantee constant sales. | THREATS * Guardian has a manufacturing cost advantage compared to FSI that resulting from sophisticated production equipment.. FSI may experience loss of market share due to only one year contracts. * Loss of profitability due to increased prices. * Difficulty in gaining market share from competitors. * Guardian is offering a very similar product at a simi lar price| Assumptions on Which the Strategy is Based a. The market will remain an oligopoly. b. FSI will remain the leader of digital breathing apparatus systems. c. The National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health will not change legislation regarding safety in the near future. d. Guardian may increase pricing as well due to FSIââ¬â¢s price increase. e. The state of limited competition will be retained for the following year. f. Proven reliability and results may capture further market share despite price increase. Pricing Strategies That Emerge From SWOT Fire Safety Inc. has a very well established brand name in the domestic market holding a leading market share of 58%. FSI estimates that the market will grow by 44% in 2002. For the past 11 years, the HERO lineup has enjoyed increased sales year to year by providing top of the line Digital Breathing Apparatus Systems. Currently, FSI is the leading manufacturer and distributor of these systems. Despite the 5% increase in price for 2001, sales have increased showing no signs of market response. Our competition has their product line set at a slightly lower price (1500$/unit) which indicates a clear weakness in an established market led by our company. Price leadership ââ¬Å"An observation made of oligopolistic business behaviour in which one company, usually the dominant competitor among several, leads the way in determining prices, the others soon following. The context is a state of limited competition, in which a market is shared by a small number of producers or sellers. This pricing strategy is perfect for FSI, having only one competitor and a successful sales record. Summary and Request for Action A further price increase is recommended for 2002 taking into account the above highlighted facts. There is no reason to believe that FSIââ¬â¢s market share will drop and based on the previous yearââ¬â¢s sales adding $3,548,625 to the bottom line it is a clear indicatio n that a Price Leadership strategy is crucial to the companyââ¬â¢s success. In an Oligopolistic environment, it is the ideal choice. How to cite Fire Safety Case Analysis, Papers
Tuesday, April 28, 2020
Reader-Oriented Criticism free essay sample
Reader-Oriented Criticism This essay will summarize what Reader-Oriented Criticism actually is and how it plays a role with in Friday Night Lights. First of all, Reader-Oriented Criticism is the interaction of what the text was written to mean and how the viewer reads it, also known as text-reader relationships. ââ¬Å"As such, reader-oriented criticism is largely concerned with ââ¬Å"potentialâ⬠as opposed to ââ¬Å"actualizedâ⬠meanings of the text to an audienceâ⬠(Vande 331). The text throughs out cues on how they would like the text to be read. There are two ways that the text can be presented: ââ¬Å"Open text invites you to view it in many interpretations, while Closed text only gives you one view on how to interoperate itâ⬠(Dr. M. Camacho). However within Reader-Oriented Criticism text is always left open for the reader to view and understand it however they wish. Once the viewer has started ââ¬Å"to subconsciously wonder how the story will go next, entering the space of the show,â⬠then they have entered liminal space (Dr. We will write a custom essay sample on Reader-Oriented Criticism or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page M. Camacho). Every TV show has its own little implied meanings which is what the implied author wants the implied viewer to subconsciously receive. From the begging of Friday Night Lights you can tell that the whole town is all about football and Christian faith, who is also the implied author. The director invite you into liminal space at the beginning through the constant movements and angle changes of the cameras making the implied viewer see that the implied author, again the town, is all about football. So not just the whole town, but the whole show is about football, that even you, the real viewer, is alongside the rest of the town waiting for the next game. Thus the implied vier would be each individual players on the team, learning that the whole town is watching them and expecting them to show that football and god are at the same level. Throughout the show it keeps inviting you in to see it as if you are actually in the game: the whole lighting of the show is all natural with many shadows, like it is when the flood lights are on in the game. When the game actually begins the sound of everything dies down to a whisper, the crowds cheering, the couches yelling, the fireworks up over head, can all barley be heard. However every little grunt and smash would ring through the speakers as if it was ringing though youre own ears, once again putting you on that field, giving and taking those blows. Once the game is done the team stops and prays reminding you that god is just as important as football and that we wouldnt be here today with this victory without him. These are all examples of ways that the Friday Night Lights was written and designed to take anyone, even someone that doesnt care for sports to sit on the edge of their seats by the end of the episode waiting for that touchdown and cheer when ball gets passed that final line.
Friday, March 20, 2020
buy custom Poetry Book Report essay
buy custom Poetry Book Report essay The origin and development of ci poetry in China, across the periods of 950 to 1100, can be traced lucidly in the works of Su Shi and Li Yu. Some of the most notable literary pieces that illustrate this phenomenon are two poems by these artists; Woodland Flowers lose their Vernal Color, and Immortal by the River. Li Yu and Sushi authored these poems respectively. The trends of the movement might be seen in the changing aspect of thematic construction of the poems and the symbolism employed. It is also possible to trace some marked transformation in the form of the poems with time. The ci poetry has been linked to the adoption of the song forms of Asia into poetry. Their forms and substances have characteristically been informed by the foreign cultural influences from the inner parts of Asia into the Chinese cultural life. The artistic reactions from these cultural contacts have been regarded as the driving forces that conditioned the transformation of Chinese art into new forms and representation. These poems have employed images that situate them within some of the favorite themes that were adopted by the early Chinese poets including mysticism, nature, and chaos. The images used in these poems range from topography to domestic things. This means that these poems mostly sought to capture reality in both cosmic and romantic form. The success of this attempt can be observed in the particularly moving evocation of natures superiority and majesty as observed in Su shis poem. Li Yus poem, on the other hand, situates its thematic content within the images of vegetation and the beauty of fading flowers. For instance, this can be seen in the continued use of natural elements as images; In the deep night, with the wind still, the sea calm, (Shi, 133), in the ninth line of the poem. These gives a string hint t o the desire by the poet to challenge conventions using symbolism. The two poems can be viewed in the sense in which they represent the same reality in two different ways. Thematically, the early Chinese poets in the league of Su Shi and Li Yu worked towards the establishment forms of arts that could open up their closed society towards alternative forms of representation. To this extent, the ci forms have sometimes been regarded as a form of silent rebellion of artists who chose to use their skill for the transformation of a society locked up in restrictive and suppressive structures. In the poem, the Woodland Flowers Lose their Vernal Color, Li Yu appears to subvert traditional symbolism to capture a different portrayal of reality. The poet extends his creative perspective beyond the conventions of art as portrayed in the society towards a decidedly fresh analysis of the society. In some respect, the symbolic meaning of flowers losing color might be deemed to represent a certain vulnerability of the social norms and structure within the context of transformation (Yu, 112). The title of this poem is striking in the sense which it appears to celebrate the possibility of the establishment of a new world order. Theold beauty leaves the scene poignantly to cede ground for the possibility of other kinds of reality. In terms of historical movement, this poem appears to morph into the character element of Li Yu, the artists, who sought to live his rebellious element into the new form of artistic representation. The forms of art that are classified under the ci form have one striking resemblance in terms of verse. All of them have a tendency towards free and unbalanced verse forms. These verse forms are deemed to represent a desire by the artists to force the borrowed forms of art into a new shape of artistic representation that reflected in the traditional art forms. The unbalanced forms of verse were in line with Chinese songs, which the ci poetry, sought to give alternative representation. Su Shis poem The Immortal River captures a certain cultural identity that emerged in China between the periods of 950 and 1100. This identity carried string indications of cultural supremacy that had the effect of created a certain form of bulwark against the incipience of foreign systems into the Chinese cultural life. Some of the characteristics of this art were the use of local images to illustrate the different kinds of meaning within the works of poetry (Shi, 98). In this poem, the River represents both the triumph of Chinese topography and the continuum of national culture, which sought to elevate culture to a level of representation that was in line with what appeared to a be a resurgence of nationalism. However, critics have argued that this form of art was apologetic to the authoritarianism that was imposed on the Chinese people by their governors. If Sushis poem is to be seen as representing the t\old ideal, the Li Yus poetic works might be regarded as some forms of response to the positions adopted by Sushi in the attempt to capture the realities of Chinese social life (Shi, 133). The most noticeable similarity between these two poems is that they tend to react to the external realities of the objective world. To this extent the power of the images employed also appear to shift in line with the expectations of the people. Although the poets seem anchor their opinions around the same themes and perspectives, Sushi treads the traditional path of self-preservation while Li Yu adopts the path of poetic liberalism and a search for the fresh grounds of expression. The movement of time between the years 950 to 100 marked the different reactions that were meshed within the perspective of geopolitical realities that inevitably filtered into the existing works of art. Similarly, it was around the same time that exploration activities and the opening up of new trading zones were increasingly shaping up in Asia. The result of these influences was the incorporation into the elements of style a certain form of freedom that represented the transformation of art into a particularly new form of cultural expressionism. The artists who emerged to contribute to the ci form movement were determined to curve some impact out of these transformations. This contribution was on two levels. The ffirst form of influence was the active pursuit of the values espoused as represented within the context of the emerging realities. On the second level, another category of artists sought to create a different response that both cautious and reactionary. Li Yus poem Woodland Flowers lose their Vernal Color might be seen in the light of change and transformation. It resonates with as an aspect of cultural freedom. There seems to be a movement of the center of social and cultural freedoms from the prohibitive restrictions imposed by the state to other representations. The poems of ci forms have tended the employ the of domestic images that represent a docile and idyllic village life full of beautiful young girls, loving mothers and a provident mother nature. There was the idealistic representation of the society akin to what the Elizabethan and Romantic poets in England had attempted many centuries later. In fact, some critics have argued that the portrayal of the society in the Chinese early poetry, might have anticipated the emergence of the Romantic period in England. The points of convergence were the exuberance romanticizing of the village life, as opposed to the chaos of toil and violence. In the Chinese ci form, there is an obvious attempt to align the poems with the cosmic order and realities. Towards the first half of 1100, there was the evident movement of the imagery in these poems towards the celebration of love and family life as the most ideal discourses in the life of man. The images employed were in the form of pillows, the bedroom, and other marital objects. This marked the most sublime stage of romantic celebration within the context of the ci forms of poetry. Critics have developed several arguments to challenge the possibilities that the Chinese ci form of poetry might have had significant contribution to the development of European romantic discourses. Those who have argued against this notion have anchored their notions in the possibility of the early European explorers transporting forms of European drama influences to their homeland. The opening up of Asia as a mystical destination region by Marco Polo has been cited as part of the reasons to believe that there might have occurred some cultural exchanges, as a result. It might therefore, be argued that the images in Li Yus poem Woodland Flowers lose their Vernal Color and Sushis Immortal by the River as a celebration of the idyllic existence that was celebrated in Chinese art. This form of poetry was rich in the sense in which it covered historical allusions as well as cultural systems. The images that have been used in both poems are potent to the extent in which they react to the realities that played out in the Chinese society. These realities are the ones that feed into the fundamental themes that are represented in the substance of these poems. Therefore, it might be argued that the tow poems discussed here were largely a successful portrayal of the form and substance of the co form of poetry in thematic perspective and historical transformation. Buy custom Poetry Book Report essay
Tuesday, March 3, 2020
German Loan Words Used in English
German Loan Words Used in English If you are an English-speaker, you already know more German than you may realize. English and German belong to the same ââ¬Å"familyâ⬠of languages. They are both Germanic, even though each has borrowed heavily from Latin, French, and Greek. Some German words and expressions are used constantly in English. Angst, kindergarten, gesundheit, kaputt, sauerkraut, and Volkswagen are just some of the most common. English-speaking children often attend a Kindergarten (childrens garden). Gesundheit doesnt really mean ââ¬Å"bless you,â⬠it means ââ¬Å"healthâ⬠- the good variety being implied. Psychiatrists speak of Angst (fear) and Gestalt (form) psychology, and when something is broken, its kaputt (kaput). Although not every American knows that Fahrvergnà ¼gen is ââ¬Å"driving pleasure,â⬠most do know that Volkswagen means ââ¬Å"peoples car.â⬠Musical works can have a Leitmotiv. Our cultural view of the world is called a Weltanschauung by historians or philosophers. Zeitgeist for ââ¬Å"spirit of the timesâ⬠was first used in English in 1848. Something in poor taste is kitsch or kitschy, a word that looks and means the same as its German cousin kitschig. (More about such words in How Do You Say ââ¬Å"Porscheâ⬠?) By the way, if you were unfamiliar with some of these words, thats a side benefit of learning German: increasing your English vocabulary! Its part of what the famous German poet Goethe meant when he said, ââ¬Å"He who doesnt know foreign languages, doesnt know his own.â⬠(Wer fremde Sprachen nicht kennt, weiß auch nichts von seiner eigenen.) Here are a few more English words borrowed from German (many have to do with food or drink): blitz, blitzkrieg, bratwurst, cobalt, dachshund, delicatessen, ersatz, frankfurter and wiener (named for Frankfurt and Vienna, respectively), glockenspiel, hinterland, infobahn (for ââ¬Å"information highwayâ⬠), kaffeeklatsch, pilsner (glass, beer), pretzel, quartz, rucksack, schnaps (any hard liquor), schuss (skiing), spritzer, (apple) strudel, verboten, waltz, and wanderlust. And from Low German: brake, dote, tackle. In some cases, the Germanic origins of English words are not so obvious. The word dollar comes from German Thaler - which in turn is short for Joachimsthaler, derived from a sixteenth-century silver mine in Joachimsthal, Germany. Of course, English is a Germanic language to begin with. Although many English words trace their roots back to Greek, Latin, French, or Italian, the core of English - the basic words in the language - are Germanic. Thats why it doesnt take too much effort to see the resemblance between English and German words such as friend and Freund, sit and sitzen, son and Sohn, all and alle, flesh (meat) and Fleisch, water and Wasser, drink and trinken or house and Haus. We get additional help from the fact that English and German share many French, Latin, and Greek loan words. It doesnt take a Raketenwissenchaftler (rocket scientist) to figure out these ââ¬Å"Germanâ⬠words: aktiv, die Disziplin, das Examen, die Kamera, der Student, die Universitt, or der Wein.à Learning to use these family resemblances gives you an advantage when working on expanding your German vocabulary. After all, ein Wort is just a word.
Sunday, February 16, 2020
How Reflective Practice Promotes Personal And Professional Development Essay
How Reflective Practice Promotes Personal And Professional Development of Teachers - Essay Example ing nature of the basic learning needs of children, youth and adults requires a broadening of the scope of basic education and redefining it to meet the needs of changing times. The changing dynamics of the social fabric in multicultural societies across the globe have increasingly become major challenges within the education system, especially in UK secondary school system. 2. Need for teacher development The quality and standard of teaching considerably influences studentsââ¬â¢ performance. The teachers need to evolve and develop appropriate skills to suit the changing needs of the pupils and raise their achievement level. It is important to understand the nature of teachersââ¬â¢ learning in order to exploit their competencies and promote new initiatives in teaching methodologies. Moreover, the key objective of a teachersââ¬â¢ development program is to challenge the status quo of existing knowledge to evolve a more creative way of teaching effectively (Craft, 1996). Teache rsââ¬â¢ teaching is also influenced by their beliefs, ideas and their life experience (Borko, 2004). Moreover, teachers should also be able to communicate effectively to transfer knowledge. Their ability to communicate and their expertise in the subject are a critical paradigm that must be constantly updated to include new approaches and ideas. Effective communication promotes the retention of knowledge and the development of a critical outlook amongst the students. Effective teaching is contextual as its efficacy can only be tested in the context of learning and the environment and support within which it is imparted. Thus, environmental changes vis-a-vis advancing technology, globalization, demographic changes etc. become challenging issues for teachers that significantly impact teaching. Though,... This paper approves that the need to identify and evaluate various parameters of reflective practices becomes an essential ingredient for teacher development. At the same time, many other issues like socio-psychological factors have significant impact on the metacognitive responses of the teachers. Thus, the behaviour, attitude, beliefs, value system etc. of the teachers have increasingly emerged as crucial elements within teaching process for eliciting positive responses from the students. Teachers learn what type of behaviour and attitude motivates students for higher achievement. When they change their behaviour to suit the needs of the students, they improve their teaching. This report makes a conclusion that the role of teachers is important within the field of education as they are proactively involved in the development of children and students into responsible citizens. Their professional development becomes necessary due to the evolving dynamics of the external environment. Reflective practices in the professional development of teachers help to identify shortcomings and promote wider understanding of the various methodologies that can be used to enable teachers to become more articulate and effective in teaching. Reflective practices therefore have gained popularity due to their active learning processes that constantly motivate teachers to improve. The various facets of reflective practice as discussed, reveal their importance in the overall development of teachers and how they contribute in adding value to the teaching.
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