The Effects Of Global Warming On Humans Essay - 1570 Words

Global warming has increased very rapidly over the last few years and it is having a huge impact on earth. It is being cause by the greenhouse gases that are now in the atmosphere. The greenhouse gases cause the planets surface to reach a really high temperature and this is when we are able to experience the effects of global warming. Some places have been more affected than others, the places that have had a really big impact have been the coasts. This is because the as global warming increases so do the rising of sea levels. Considering that a large amount of human population lives on the coasts. This means that a lot of human life might be lost because of this reason. At the same time, it is affecting aquatic life due to the fact it slows them down, they are not able to obtain the nutrients that they need and the rising of sea levels is destroying their environment. Something that will have a negative impact on us as humans as well because we depend on those aquatic animals and or ganisms for food and many other different stuff. Yes, both global warming and the sea levels are rising but one is rising at a much faster rate. The sea levels are rising at a much faster rate and some people are actually thinking of the long term impact that this will have on our world as a whole. On my essay I will show the impact that global warming has on places like Alaska and India due to the fact that it is caused by the burning of fossil fuels, which release high levels of greenhouseShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Global Warming On Humans1405 Words   |  6 Pages The Effects of Global Warming Global warming is a dangerous issue that has been caused by the actions of human beings. The environment as a result, has changed for the worse. The effects of this situation that is currently happening is global, and can affect anyone regardless of their geographical location. The effects of global warming are enormous, and if people do not begin to do something in order to stop it, global warming could lead to the end of human kind. In this paper IRead MoreGlobal Warming And Its Effects On Human Population1458 Words   |  6 Pagesperiod of time compared to the total age of the earth, problems are no doubtable going to arise. From the demand of the ever rising human population on the earth, food accessibility, depletion of natural resources, and an increase in global warming affects all have detrimental consequences on our human population and our own earth that may not be reservable. As humans need space to live, and as cities expand, farm land is being taken over by subdivisions . Thus, where is the food coming from to feedRead MoreThe Effects Of Global Warming On The Human Race1836 Words   |  8 PagesThe environment we inhabit is drastically changing due to the detrimental global warming and climate change, it is likely our Earth will become strenuous to live in. There are sufficient scientific studies that have shown how the negative effects of global warming can threaten the human race. It has shown that disasters will accumulate if we take no further actions to protect our Earth. Governments don’t make all the decisions in the society, but they make a lot of these structural decisions andRead MoreGlobal Warming And Its Effect On Human Activity885 Words   |  4 Pageswith respect to global warming. However, there continue to be diverse views regarding this phenomenon. Since the beginning of the industrial era the emissions of greenhouse gases have risen significantly. There has also been an increase in the surface temperature around the globe in the last three decades. The majority of the population understands and accepts these facts. However, using these two facts as a foundation, people come to a variety of conclusions regarding the effects and the reasonsRead MoreThe Effects Of Global Warming On Human Activity2378 Words   |  10 PagesDebates about global warming have received much attention in the last few years. Opponents may say global warming is a natural cause however, the reality is global warming is occurring due to human activity. Global warming is best defined as a term used to describe a gradual increase in the average temperature of the Earth’s atmosphere and its oceans, a change that is believed to be permanently changing the Earth’s climate. Global warming does not only increase temperature it is also capable of decreasingRead MoreGlobal Warming And Its Effects On Human Activities979 Words   |  4 Pagesin 1977) that global warming is a reality and that human activities are making the biggest impact, many individuals and groups continue to deny this reality and hinder the development of solutions for it. If no effective efforts are made, we will continue to see the increasingly destructive results of humanity underestimating its own impact and the fragility of the planet it so often takes for granted. For decades there have been efforts to raise awareness and understanding of human contributionRead MoreEffects Of Global Warming On Human Activity2070 Words   |  9 PagesStatement of the problem: Nowadays the climate of the Earth is changing rapidly due to the increase of greenhouse gases. 90% of this gases released in environment is due to the human activity by burning of fossil fuels. Due to the climate change the health sector is affected mainly children, adults and whole population. The climate change is danger to the health system, the increase in temperature is causing in heat waves that leads to less rainfall, rise in sea level and flood. Due to this the healthRead MoreThe Effects Of Global Warming On The Human Race1874 Words   |  8 PagesChanges for the beyond The environment we inhabit is drastically changing due to the detrimental global warming and climate change, and it is likely our Earth will become strenuous to live in. There are sufficient scientific studies that have shown how the negative effects of global warming can threaten the human race. It has shown that disasters will accumulate if we take no further actions to protect our Earth. Governments don’t make all the decisions in society, but they make a lot of these structuralRead MoreGlobal Warming And Its Effects On The Human Body1226 Words   |  5 PagesGlobal pollution will nevertheless become a bigger problem than just the melting of the arctic iceberg, or the nearby extinction of several species, but it will, in eventually in near future, result in the extinction of humanity in this planet. Global warming, a term that mean the Earth itself is becoming hotter and hotter. Mr. Bill McKibben, an American environmentalist and writer said in his report about global war ming,†We ve raised the temperature more than a degree Fahrenheit (0.56 degrees Celsius)Read MoreEffects Of Global Warming On The Human Body And Vigor1887 Words   |  8 Pages To commence, the effects of global warming to the human body and vigor are both indirect and direct. Through the warming of the earth, extreme meteorological conditions and patterns will ensue with more regularity; storms, inundations, heat waves, and droughts will proliferate and will affect human condition directly in such manner that destroys homes, contaminates water sources, and diminishes food resources. These events will consequently entail a high risk of disease and exposure to disease.

Bioethics of Euthanasia Free Essays

string(198) " with the terminally ill, and particular moralities strongly advocate for the right to die under certain circumstances, as illustrated by Kevorkian’s rash threats of a hunger strike if convicted\." As biological organisms, humans design patterns of how to live by way of autonomous lifestyle choices, only after being born into a subjective realm of existence with social opportunities and limitations suggested by how one is nurtured and raised. A sense of a connection to objectivity is gained depending on how closely one associates themselves with an organized institution such as religion, or other form of moral code. The idea that knowledge learned from a moral superior at a young age can suggest, or sometimes in early adulthood, coerce decision-making is indicative of a set of parameters or expectations that one must achieve so to honor the objective family belief. We will write a custom essay sample on Bioethics of Euthanasia or any similar topic only for you Order Now Therefore, the family is also an institution which generates the same attachment to objectivity that encourages a certain set of goals. Ultimately though, it is one’s subjective experience that has it’s own social, physical, mental, and spiritual habits and attachments that cause the mind and body to perform and exist in a particular way. The overarching illegality of euthanasia across North America is supported by religious institutions which act as the sole moral platform for questioning the professional conduct of medical practitioners. The hegemonic belief that is fostered views euthanasia as a breach of non-maleficence, though doctors have and will likely continue to comply with life-ending aid in North America, regardless of recent deliberation regarding legislation. A legalization of euthanasia could ease tensions for physicians and patients dealing with chronic fatal health conditions, but would require specific criteria for legality. The debilitating suffering from a terminal illness should be the first criteria, as well as an autonomous request made by the sufficiently competent patient. Those who advocate for the legalization of euthanasia are part of a particular morality that sees beyond the mystical value of medical non-maleficence and opposes overarching institutional moralities that forbid life-ending decisions. Also of concern is the slippery slope argument, whereby any level of legal euthanasia would likely incite requests for more flexible criteria, publicly bringing into question the intangible value of human life. A central notion of biomedical ethics that stands as a major contender against the legalization of euthanasia is non-maleficence. To generally adhere to the principles of non-maleficence, physicians should not provide ineffective treatments to patients as these offer risk with no possibility of benefit and thus have a chance of harming patients. In addition, physicians must not do anything that would purposely harm patients without the action being balanced by proportional benefit (Beauchamp, 155). This benefit is not necessarily beneficial to the terminally ill individual who has requested euthanasia. The benefit referred to in the medical field is generally an extension of life and a restoration of health, which is not a reality for the terminally ill, rather a benefit might be an end to incurable suffering. Because many medications, procedures, and interventions cause harm in addition to benefit, the principle of non-maleficence provides little concrete guidance in the care of patients, and acts as a fairly weak argument against euthanasia. A helpful distinction when debating the validity of physician assisted suicide is that of ‘killing’ and ‘allowing to die’. If a patient is too frail to undergo restorative treatment, it can be said that the withholding of that treatment is allowing the patient to die. On the other hand, ‘killing’ entails taking action that would hasten the onset of death. There is considerable overlap between these two concepts, to the point that a clear distinction is not readily discernible (Beauchamp, 172). The prima facie nature of allowing a patient to die, as expressed by Beauchamp is acceptable under certain conditions whereby a medical technology is considered futile, or ineffectual, or a patient and/or surrogate decision maker has validly denied a medical technology (173). In the case that a patient is suffering unnecessarily, and has denied or been denied the opportunity for treatment due to severity of illness, should euthanasia not be an acceptable option? This action would undoubtedly fall under the category of ‘killing’, but if the nearest solution is the imminent death of a terminally ill patient, the concept of non-maleficence should not apply to a deliberate hastening of the patients’ biological shutdown. It can also be argued that fading to death in palliative care with little to no cognition is of little value, and coming from a strictly utilitarian perspective, in some cases, may be unnecessary. If an elderly patient has no immediate family, and is in the final stages of a degenerative disease, the option of the patient to deny extended care and hasten the imminence of death should ot be considered immoral. The approval of certain cases such as the example above would definitely introduce a ‘slippery slope’ argument whereby the notions and parameters of conducting euthanasia would be challenged, inflated, and publicly scorned. The infamous example of Dr. Kevorkian is indicative of the demand for physican-assisted suicide, and the flexible moralities of perhaps many physicians who are faced with the challenge of allowing a patient to pursue a hastened death. Michigan doctor Jack Kevorkian was convicted of second-degree murder for delivering a lethal injection to a 52-year-old man suffering from Lou Gehrig’s disease. It was the first time in five trials that Kevorkian was found guilty of a crime after participating in, by his count, at least 130 assisted suicides. Likened to â€Å"a medical hit man† by the prosecution, Kevorkian compared himself to Martin Luther King and told the court he was no more culpable than an executioner. The 70-year-old doctor had dared prosecutors to charge him and threatened a hunger strike if convicted. â€Å"Suicide†). The case of Kevorkian’s assisted suicides shows that public hegemonic belief places all burden on the physician involved, for it is technically legal to carry out or attempt suicide, but not with the aid of any other person, especially a clinician. These laws tend to make sense in every realm except the medical world, where euthanasia is an issue that arises with the terminally ill, and particular moralities strongly advocate for the right to die under certain circumstances, as illustrated by Kevorkian’s rash threats of a hunger strike if convicted. You read "Bioethics of Euthanasia" in category "Essay examples" Obviously viewing himself as a liberator, Kevorkian’s particular morality quickly earned him a reputation, and having participated in over one hundred assisted suicides, he stands not as a reputable opposition to hegemony, but rather a moral pariah. Kevorkian’s comparison of his ‘moral fallacy’ with the conduct of an executioner is an interesting philosophical idea, and also illustrates the exclusivity of moral professionalism within the medical world. This is mostly apparent in the United States where there is a domination of privatized health care, and plenty of capital punishment. The application of morality is varied when it comes to death and dying, in a society where a 20 year old can be put to death for committing murder, and in the same society, a terminally ill, suffering patient cannot decidedly seek a peaceful death without moral intervention. In both cases, strong moral impositions are made, and guide the fate of both individuals. The convict has a chance at rehabilitation, and renewing his moral adherence and contribution to society, but is not rewarded the chance because his actions stripped him of his dignity. On the other hand, the dying patient is not permitted to seek assistance in death because common morality forbids it, much like the same common morality denies the convict a second chance. The patient is denied euthanasia because the hegemonic function of the medical field is to avoid non-maleficence, so according to the same morality, the criminal is denied rehabilitation and put to death because the function of the law is to appropriately punish offenders. This paradox shows how two distinct versions of the same common morality are stamped like a ‘cookie cutter’, yielding the anticipated results of the societal function: the patient can’t die because medicine is designed to keep him alive, and the criminal can’t live because capital punishment is designed to eliminate him. Therefore, it is not unreasonable to suggest that the application of euthanasia in the medical field should be acceptable in certain circumstances, and that exclusive clinical moralities should allow deliberation on the subject, and not continue to function in a ‘cookie cutter’ fashion. In Canada and the United States, laws distinguishing ‘active’ and ‘passive’ categories of euthanasia are divided into four sections: â€Å"deliberately killing persons who wish to die or assisting them in suicide (active voluntary euthanasia and assisted suicide), deliberately killing persons whose wishes are unknown or opposed to such treatment (active involuntary euthanasia), withholding or withdrawing life-preserving means from those who do not want them used (forgoing treatment of competent individuals), and letting persons die by withholding or withdrawing life-preserving means when their wishes are unknown or when they want, or would tolerate, such means to be applied or maintained (forgoing treatment of incompetent individuals)† (Dickens, 136). According to these legal parameters, it would seem that active and passive euthanasia should only occur when indicated by the patient, living will, or a surrogate, such as active voluntary euthanasia, an d the forgoing of treatment to competent individuals. These two forms provide the patient with the moral decision to adopt the institutional values of their choice and affect their course of longevity and suffering. In the cases of active involuntary euthanasia, and the withholding of treatment from incompetent patients it can be said that, morally, the physician has no right to change the course of the patient’s treatment without clearance from a living will or surrogate. To conduct active involuntary euthanasia, or withhold treatment for no apparent reason indicated by the patient or surrogate, negligence would necessarily apply and represent the justified fault of the attending physician. Dealing with death is a subjective experience that generates fear, and causes humans to seek comfort in institutional beliefs, whether that be family, religion, other forms of spirituality, or modern medicine itself. Death reminds humans of their biological capacities and fleeting opportunities for experience in life, and generates a desire to medicalize suicide. â€Å"We want physicians to provide the means to end life in an antiseptically acceptable fashion. Knives, guns, ropes, and bridges tend to be messy. We seek a more aesthetically pleasing way of terminating life, one that leaves the patient looking dead, but not disgusting. For this, as in so much else in the 20th-century quest for happiness, we turn to the physician† (Paris, 33). Much like we seek aesthetic modifications from plastic surgeons, and mental stability from psychologists, we turn again to professional doctors for a method of dealing with the harsh reality of death. Though euthanasia may be an acceptable option for some people in certain sets of dire circumstances, it is the fear of death generated by the triumphs of medicine that provide the illusion that death and suffering are something a physician can cure. Medicinal miracles and the rise of technological medicine give people the impression that old losses are new triumphs, at least insofar as one can be kept alive for longer with chronic diseases. This notion sparks the fear of suffering before death, and that morbidity will be extended instead of compressed. Essentially then, it is the physician who bears all weight of the laws pertaining to euthanasia, which seems unjust when there is little more that medicine can do for a terminally ill patient than aid in their peaceful departure from life. The argument that legalized euthanasia would initiate the slippery slope, and â€Å"hospitals would become cruel and dehumanized places† are refuted by the suggestion and observation of the exact opposite (Schafer). As Schafer suggests, â€Å"experience has shown that what happened was exactly the opposite of what was predicted by the naysayers: Doctors and hospitals have become kinder and gentler, patients’ wishes are better respected than previously and society has come to accept the importance of individual autonomy at the end of life† (3). Clearly, the legalization of euthanasia would not entirely disrupt the nature of medical care in Canada, and with current debates indicating the possibility of change, society may undergo a change of ideas in the near future. The idea that euthanasia may provide a patient with more dignity at death than what is often referred to as ‘sedation to unconsciousness’ is becoming more common, and should not be deemed unacceptable next to palliative care. With the right safeguards in place, euthanasia should be one of many life-ending options available to Canadians near the end of their life, with palliative care being a morally adjacent decision. The subjective experience of death is one’s own, and even familial institution can only do so much to comfort the process of being terminally ill. Therefore it should be a decision of the patient to seek medical help, either in the form of sedation and longevity, or immediate peace. How to cite Bioethics of Euthanasia, Essay examples

Contemporary Issues in Travel and Tourism - Sample Solution

Questions: Task 1 1.1 Analyse issues currently driving change in the travel and tourism sector for a local tourist destination ,geographical region ,country or countries of your choice. 1.2 Analyse different current issues using appropriate methods and resources for a local tourist destination, geographical region, country or countries of your choice (Japan) Task 2 2.1 Evaluate current trends influencing change in the travel land tourism sector of a tourist destination or country of your choice. 2.2 Analyse a current trend using appropriate techniques and resources for a tourist destination or country. Task 3 3.1 Analyse how travel and tourism businesses could respond to change. 3.2 Develop strategies on how selected travel and tourism businesses could respond to change. 3.3 Justify strategies for how selected travel and tourism businesses could respond to change. Task 4 4.1 Analyse the impacts of issues and trends that drive change in the travel and tourism sector. 4.2 Discuss the likely conse quences of businesses failing to respond to market changes. Answers: Introduction Travel and tour could be interchanged, and tourism is explained as the movement from one place to the other place along with the aim to recreate oneself and services provision for this movement (Gregory and Goodall 1988). In this way tourism can be considered in the service industry having various tangible as well as intangible parts. The tangible parts include the hospitality and transport system services. The transport services cover up the road, rail, road and water; where else hospitality services cover up the food and beverages, accommodation, banking, tours, insurance, and safety (Tom and Hagen 1999). The tangible services cover up the escape, rest, adventure, relaxation and various other experiences (Tom and Hagen 1999). Its noted that tourism started as the travel for the adventure as well as leisure in various areas and presently it has come under the broad venture through different persons. Tourism and travel in Japan has given positive performance in the year 2013 (Alison 2000). Through the economic recovery in the country has helped in improving the confidence of the consumers and has even tried to motivate to enhance the recreational and leisure activities (Millie 1997). In context of the tourism and trips has flown towards the inbound and domestic growth in experience, where else the outbound flow of tourism has reduced in 2013 (Millie 1997). Through the increasing demand in inbound and domestic tourist, registration of the hotels ahs enhanced in the average and occupancy room rates; where else its noted that players of air transportation has made the profits through enhancing the load factor and the revenue of the unit. This report will try to outline the environment of Japan in which travel and tourism industry operates their activities (Graham 1999). This report will also try to deliver the overview of the significance and impact of this industry. It even conside rs the various forces, which try to shape this industry along with issues that impact the tourism industry management (Graham 1999). Task 1 1.1 Analyzes issues currently driving change in the travel and tourism sector for a local tourist destination, geographical region, country or countries of your choice. Tourism is the global leading economic activity; simultaneously its also one of the most valuable trades in the world (Graham 1999). The economic activity is also impacted through various risk factors, which leads towards the unreliability in the world of business. International events like the instability of politics also impact the negativity of trade (Brian 2003). Individuals that are moving from one place to the other as the tourist, has become serious threat into the security of the world (Brian 2003). Its noted that terrorists are trying to maculate as the tourist in order complete their mission, and its impact is so severe that if this is considered as valuable income source for particular country then it can be fixed. Its noted that tourism is severely impacted through the issues related to health in Japan, where the cases of swine flu has tried to hinder the travel and simultaneously impacted the income which comes through the travel (Brian 2003). Japan also faces the climat e changes, which has also impacted its free travel requirements and has changed the pattern, movement as well as position of most of the attractive scenes. This has also impacted over the enhanced spending in order to promote the continuity of tourism industry and has even prevented the degradation of the environment. Tourism is referred as the limelight globally, due to its scope. The jobs that are created through this sector also impact the entire sector along with economy (Alan and Lickorish 1988). It has even impacted the transport, issues related to culture, agriculture, telecommunication, manufacturing and various other organizations (Alan and Lickorish 1988). Japan has less attractive statistics, however, its noted that total visitors come from the markets of West that has tried to enhance over the time, but still its low. Its considered as the contributing factor in exploring the one, who could easily communicate the English in effective way (Alan and Lickorish 1988). In Japan, the insufficient services of foreign language ranks the complaint through the travelers that comes from the United States or from Europe, who often face trouble, mainly in the areas of transportation, system complexity and very less signs given in English (John 1996). Even the menus in the restaurants and hotels hav e food pictures, but there was it lack in explanation in English, which reduce the tourism. Traditionally, its noted that Japan is mono-ethnic as well as a monolingual country, in which Japanese are given the highest priority in their identity of their culture; therefore they have the tendency to reject the people who comes from different cultures (Martinez 1990). These prejudices might leave the negative effects on the tourism (Douglas 1999). Various observers has also argued that Japan mainly give attention towards increasing their own culture instead of given attention towards other cultures (Martinez 1990). But now if the Japan wants to understand their goal of increasing the tourism, its expected that they should improve their citizen awareness of intercultural and should also try to highlight the problems of the intercultural communication (Douglas 1999). Tourist having the various languages or having the different cultural backgrounds depicts the variation in their own expectations towards the experiences of travelers (Bruce 2002). Its required that the programs should try to set up to address the interest and requirements of the foreign tourist (Bruce 2002). In 2020 Olympic, Japan is offered with good opportunity to easily promote their tourism and try to attract the tourist. Japan should try to set up brand of tourist by offering them satisfactory services and better environment (Bruce 2002). 1.2 Analyze different current issues using appropriate methods and resources for a local tourist destination, geographical region, country or countries of your choice (Japan) There are many studies conducted on the qualitative forecasting demand in the field of tourism and that too is limited. Along with the aspects of methodology, qualitative methods receive the less attention as these are only standard applications. On the other side, approaches of qualitative need not need the dependency of the historic facts, as it depends over the opinions of pooled experts (Pigram and Jenkins 2003). Therefore, all these methods are mainly used within the studies that lack in previous data that is apparent. For instance, a currently set up destination, along with tour operator wouldnt hold the historically available data. If there is any political or economic instability in the regions of Japan, last data wouldnt be of any use in the stable environment (Pigram and Jenkins 2003). In other context, the qualitative methods offers reasonable better forecasts for the short period as there is similarity of the experts with the ongoing changes taking place in this field. Its noted that qualitative methods actually work when the scope of forecasting is actually limited (Pigram and Jenkins 2003). The basic issues with the qualitative methods is exploring the experts in the relevant field and then agreeing over the similar forecast. Pigram and Jenkins (2003) tries to categorize the different traditional approaches in two major parts, which are: inquiries through survey about the visitors in the areas that are generated by the tourism, and the other one is analysis about the regional and national vacations survey (Pigram and Jenkins 2003). However, it is noted that this technique is quite less expensive and it also dont require the experience in the field of tourism. The next approach focuses over the inquiries about the visitors in the areas that are generated through the tourism like airports, resorts, tour operators and railway stations (Pigram and Jenkins 2003). This approach also depends over the measurement of the groups that has non-experts but still they require the opinions of the experts in their final forecasting. In context of the Japan travel bureau, they make use of this technique in order to forecast about the traveling trends of the Japan for the purpose of outbound travels (Reynolds 1992). This s urvey even stress over the money and time; where else there are many who trust the first technique; in order to analyze their data through less money and within lesser time by the use of secondary data. Task 2 2.1 Evaluate current trends influencing change in the travel and tourism sector of a tourist destination or country of your choice. Growth in economy has enhanced the competition, provided ease to the restrictions in travel, along with aggressive strategies of promotion, which was adopted by NTOs, which has contributed in the growth in the year 1996 (Atsuko 1999). Its noted in most of the countries within the Asia pacific region has increase the tourist arrival rate. Even Japan has experienced the decline in arrival arte in the year 1995 due to enhancement in cost, lack of appeal, along with strong currency, which has rebounded in the year 1996 with the increase in 22% in arrival rate. The reeducation in the arrival was attributed through the increase in cost of the countries vacations. Japan which is the largest market of South Korea is accounted to around 40% of the overall visitors and has reduced to around 8.4% (Atsuko 1999). Trends related to Outbound Travel- The regions of Asia Pacific receive around 74% of the total visitors. It shows the dramatic enhancement through the help of 69% of the record in the year 1985 (Salah 2000). Its noted that increase in domestic travel cost in few countries, decrease in airfares, increase in affluence, increase in business travel along with packages offered by competitors has increase the travelers in Asia from the foreign destinations (Salah 2000). Its noted that intraregional travel that is characterized through the continuous short haul trips has increased through the increase in rate of travel. Japan is also so far considered as the largest tourist has tried to generate the regional market by the help of other emerging markets like, Singapore, China, South Korea, Taiwan, and Hong Kong, which has generated the new global travelers (Lisa 2000). Improvement in demand for the travel has supported in creating the new opportunities of market in the area of dive travel, ecotourism, adventure travel, meetings, arts, incentives, entertainment, and cruises (Twan 2003). Marketer in tourism industry mainly focuses towards attracting the high market through differentiation in their offered products and through customizing the needs of an individual (Twan 2003). Since the regions of Asia-Pacific include the rich culture, preferences, lifestyle, innovation and strategies of creative marketing has helped in designing the sources of markets for the visitors. Future perspective- The region of Asia Pacific has tried to build the status of rapidly increasing region and has forecasting the region that has long term prospects for health (Smith 2004). Its expected that Japan will continue to be as a principal visitors market. Japan will also witness growth through rise in disposable income and desire of tourist to travel (Smith 2004). 2.2 Analyze a current trend using appropriate techniques and resources for a tourist destination or country. Along with the econometric models as well as time series, the various new methods of quantitative forecasting predominantly are artificial intelligence (Michael 1988). This technique emerged in the literatures of forecasting of tourism. Its noted that artificial intelligence has rapidly grown in the area of research across different disciplines in the present years (Stephen and Buhalis 1999). Traditionally, its noted that artificial intelligence make use of this technique that was derived through the rule 15 that is based on the system of logic programming, while the present interest is focused over the methods of precise heuristic, fuzzy logic, support of the vector machine, and network of artificial neural (Michael 1988). The key benefits of techniques of artificial intelligence are that it doesnt need additional data like of probability as well as distribution. These techniques could be applied in case of tourism forecasting (Stephen and Buhalis 1999). Task 3 3.1 Analyze how travel and tourism businesses could respond to change. There are different factors like political unrest, terrorism, as well as health that could deter in case of tourist when they travel to any destination, where the factors are actually presented (Rugg 1973). The technological development like the internet holds the high impacts over the industry of travel and tourism. Its noted that customers could conduct the research about the destinations and do their online bookings through the help of Travelocity or either through Expedia, or either directly from the destination support services or providers of accommodation (Papatheodorou 2001). Providers of travel and tourism has tried to respond towards the development in technology so that small sized companies could have their own websites, capability of doing online booking that could include the online debit as well as credit card payments all over the world (Papatheodorou 2001). Its also noted that the recession holds the high impact over the environment of business travel along with various business travelers that has reduced the employees who are trying to introduce the cheap ways in attending the web conferences or telephone meetings that both save the money and the time of the travelers (Morrison 1989). Its noted that there are many business travelers that try to seek the airline budget as well as accommodations for offering the high value along with few facilities (Wang 2004). Therefore, its required that there are many accommodation providers and flights that are trying to compete with the travelers (Kulendran and Witt 2003). In the recent years there are many budget flights like Ryan Air and easyJet, who has tap into various changes like enhancement in internet bookings along with growth in the self packaging. 3.2 Develop strategies on how selected travel and tourism businesses could respond to change. The 21st century is the time in which there are many countries who has tried to compete in order to charm, having around 16 million travelers in Japan from all over the world, and the number of visitors in Japan is around 5 million that is also balanced (World Tourism Organization 1999). For the purpose of increasing the present figure of the global visitors by the year 2010, it is required in the case of Japan that they should include their governments in order to exert their efforts in fulfilling their set goals. In order to do, certain strategies need to be formulated and implemented (World Tourism Organization 1999). Travel and tourism sector can try to comprehend through their strategies for building tourism (Um and Crompton 1991). They should adopt the strategy of know oneself, in which they can try to analyze or identify the own charm of Japan, so that Japanese could learn to accept their land and feel pride for their society (Um and Crompton 1991). The industry should learn from the knowledge of other people, and should try to examine the experiences from the other countries (Scot 2006). They can even try to build the nation by offering the habitats and better place for the visitors. The tourism industry can also try to develop the system in which agencies and the ministers should be concern, and this can also include the Cabinet Secretariat by placing their efforts under the government initiatives. The tourism sector should try to develop the organic system through the participation of the regions that could also include both private and public sectors to work with cooperation, establishing the business in overseas market, and foreign institutes could be concern with others (Amelung, Nichol and Viner 2007). Its important that Japanese should give the warm welcome to the global tourists. Japanese tourism should try to strengthen the cooperation between the private sector, government as well as regions through boosting their brand. This can help in boosting the brand of Japan and this needs the effective transmission by the help of cooperation from private sector, government along with local government (Gossling 2002). Its important that Japan should commit towards presenting Japan as charm to the global tourist. The tourism sector of Japan can also make use of diverse media (Becken and Hay 2007). They can build the websites in order to target the foreign tourist in the starting stage of development, private sector and government who should work with coordination (Becken and Hay 2007). The websites should also require containing the information about the tourism and this information should be updated on daily basis. The website should be in both Japanese and English (Scot 2006). 3.3 Justify strategies for how selected travel and tourism businesses could respond to change. If Japan is trying to increase their ability for transmitting the brand of Japan, this transmission could be carried out with strategies (Gossling and Hal 2006). In order to have such type of undertaking, it will be required to begin through conducting the survey and through analyzing the image board of Japan and then through finally building the strategy of transmission and exploring the activities of transmission in effective way in context of the public relation strategies (Gossling and Hal 2006). In order to bring changes in the travel and tourism, its expected that Japan should try to develop the environment in which global visitors could freely move around (Stern 2006). In order to bring changes, it is required that Japan should try to clarify their task from the view point of global visitors and tackle these issues quickly (Law, Goh and Pine 2004). Japan should also try to strengthen their global competitiveness in their tourism industry. Its important that tourism should be positioned as one of the leading industry of Japan. In order to bring out the developments, the tourism business of Japan should be viewed as the major industry and the one, whose global competiveness could be enhanced. At last, it would be required to ease the regulations to the highest strength according to market functions, is that business included into the brainstorm of the ideas could compete with the available services (Law 2001). It would be even desirable for offering variety of services in order to meet the requirements of the global visitors all over the broad range of choices and prices (Law and Au 1999). Task 4 4.1 Analyze the impacts of issues and trends that drive change in the travel and tourism sector. The issues and the trends which play all over the travel and the tourism sector of Japan are given below: 1. Impact of economy and tourism leakage- This has set to become the most important issue in the beginning of 21st century (McKercher and Du Cros 2002). The government of Japan is try to increase that the impact of economy through storing the earnings at the domestic level and after that within the entire region. This can even run up against the enhancement in advancement in international multinational groups that will try to spend more money in the form of distribution, franchisee, fees of management and other types of earnings (McKercher and Du Cros 2002). Its noted that local research, universities along with regional groupings like the Social Commission of Asia is focusing intensively on this major subject.2. Globalization impact- In relation to the above, but other issues are the consumer and environment protection, and of regulations, currency changes and the policies of aviation (Richards and Raymond 2000). While the practices of the liberalization of the bureaucratic trade wi ll most likely to continue, along with region of PATA NTOs will come under pressure to depict that they are actually not dedicated through the outside power by not imparting more than what they actually deserve.3. High liberalization on visas- Its noted that the there is a high liberalization on the visas, opportunities of investment and the border control formalities (Richards and Wilson 2006). There are many regions such as Economic Cooperation of Asia Pacific that holds the issues over their own agenda in viewing the recognition, which has key impediments towards the flow of goods and people. Through step by step, all these barriers will come down when the country try to adjust with the realities (Richards and Wilson 2006). However, it is noted that its important for ensuring that these countries need to be encouraged towards making the changes.4. Increase in social issues- The tough work for any industry depends on convincing all constitutes, which is not there in industry (Rich ards and Wilson 2007). In Japan, its noted that luxury hotels are still embarrass within the midst of the nearby poverty. Either the ostentation need to be replaced through the modesty to work harder for explaining the reason to pay to the housekeepers as the same what is charged to the guest (Richards and Wilson 2007). Its also noted that non-government organizations try to blame the travel and the tourism for abetting the issues related to child prostitution, even the tourism industry of Japan is working to combat this issue.5. Problem of employment- With the increase in the tourism industry, it ahs achieve the high respect and recognition, and its also trying to attract more with the fair share of the qualified people that are trying to seek to view the word and are trying to enjoy the sights that they exposed through the internet (Law and Au 1999). Its noted that evens the mobility enhances the internet web sites that permit the people to explore the work in various parts of the world (Law and Au 1999). There will be high demand for the people having the skills of language and the ability to work within various cultures.6. Issues of environment- Its noted that travel and tourism industry has received the message that through the strong ethics of environment is the heart of its survival in global market. Airlines, hotels, along with tour operators are trying to respond towards the calls of the industry in order to protect the viability for long term (Ward and Beal 2000). The main issues with travel and tourism will be the environmental affects that is created through the polluting the industries (Lathiras and Siriopoulos 1998). 4.2 Discuss the likely consequences of businesses failing to respond to market changes. Its true that tourism is the global leading activity of economy, and its also considered valuable in trade, but at the same time this activity is impacted through the risk factors, and this can even lead to failure of businesses (Swarbrooke and Horner 2004). The risk involved into it has result into the unreliability in the world of business. Businesses have failed due to the international events like political instability that has impacted the trade in negative way (Leon, Schiffman and Pearson 2007). People that move from one country into the other country as the tourist has become serious threat into the security of the world. Businesses have also failed due to increase in terrorism that maculated the tourist. This impact could be felt in such a way that it has become valuable source of income (Palmer, Montao and Ses 2006). Tourism business is also impacted through the health issues going in the country, which reduce the travel in the country and most of the people avoid visiting s uch places (Palmer, Montao and Ses 2006). Conclusion Tourism is considered as the international harp in the economy of the country. Through the ideas of tourism, experiences and culture are actually hared. Therefore, there is a requirement for improving the sectors through every way. Promotion of cooperation need to be encouraged through all ways for the purpose of increasing the tourist spending power and this can be done through conducting the continuous research. Its noted that there is a problem in the sector that need to be mitigated. The issues could be resolved through the process of decision making who have tried to knowledge the industry and through the procedural knowledge. The knowledge wealth could be actually derived through the lying experiences and through the developed knowledge by viewing the behavior of customers and through market competitors. Through the increase in changes in the environment still the tourism is trying to achieve the momentum. Its noted that people are moving fast in order to view the attraction of places before it get disappear. With the tourist interest to room around these places before it get change provides them with a reason about why the issues of contemporary in the needs of tourist should be considered. References Gregory, A. and Goodall, B. 1988. Tourist Images: Marketing Considerations. Marketing in the Tourist Industry. Beckenham, Kent: Croom Helm. Tom, B. and Hagen, L. 1999. Response to Seasonality: Experiences of Peripheral Destinations. International Journal of Tourism Research, 1, pp. 299-312. Alison, C. 2000. Developing Sustainable Tourism in the Trossachs, Scotland, Tourism and Sustainable Community Development. London: Routledge. Millie, C. 1997. Consuming Rural Japan: The Marketing of Tradition and nostalgia in the Japanese travel industry. Ethnology, 36(3), pp. 239-255. Graham, D. 1999. Theoretical Issues in Tourisms Future Development: Identifying the Agenda. Contemporary Issues in Tourism Development. London: Routledge. Brian, D. 2003. The Role of Quantitative and Qualitative Research in Industrial Studies of Tourism. International Journal of Tourism Research, 5, pp. 97-111. Brian, G. 1988. How Tourists Choose Their Holidays: An Analytical Framework; Marketing in the Tourist Industry. Beckenham, Kent: Croom Helm. Atsuko, H. 1999. Comparative Evolutionary Trends in Environmental Policy: Reflections on Tourism Development. International Journal of Tourism Research, 1, pp. 195-216. Salah, H. S. 2000. Determinants of Market Competitiveness in an Environmentally Sustainable Tourism Industry. Journal of Travel Research, 38, pp. 239-245. Lisa, H. 2000. Ethnic tourism in Hokkaido and the shaping of Ainu identity. Pacific Affairs, 73(3), pp. 393-412. Twan, H. 2003. Domestic Tourism Destination Choices- a Choice Modeling Analysis. International Journal of Tourism Research, 5, pp. 445-459. Alan, J. and Lickorish, L. 1988. Marketing Tourism. Harlow, Essex: Longman Group UK. John, K. 1996. Competing Hospitalities in Japanese Rural Tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 23(1), pp. 165-180. Martinez, D.P. 1990. Tourism and the Ama: the Search for a Real Japan. Unwrapping Japan. Honolulu, HI: University of Hawaii Press, 97-1-pp. 116. Douglas, P. 1999. Introduction: Issues and Approaches. Contemporary Issues in Tourism Development. London: Routledge, pp. 1-12. Bruce, P. 2002. Building Visitor Attraction in Peripheral Areas- Can Uniqueness Overcome Isolation to Produce Vitality. International Journal of Tourism Research, 4, pp. 379-389. Pigram, J.J. and Jenkins, J. M. 2003. Outdoor Recreation Management. London: Routledge. Donald, R G. 2003. Tourism, Globalization and Development. Sterling, VA: Pluto Press. Reynolds, P.C. 1992. Impacts of Tourism on Indigenous Communities-the Australian Case. Progress in Tourism, Recreation and Hospitality Management. London: Belhaven Press. Smith, S. A. 2004. The Okinawa Research Initiative: Human Resource Development and Tourism in Island Societies. East-West Center. Michael, S. 1988. The Image of Destination Regions: Theoretical and Empirical Aspects. Marketing in the Tourist Industry. Beckenham, Kent: Croom Helm. Stephen, W. and Buhalis, D. 1999. Introduction: Challenges for Tourism in Peripheral Areas. International Journal of Tourism Research, 1, pp. 295-297. McKercher, B. and Du Cros, H. 2002. Cultural Tourism: The Partnership Between Tourism and Cultural Heritage Management. Haworth Press. Richards, G. and Raymond, C. 2000. Creative Tourism. ATLAS News, 23, pp. 16-20. Richards, G. and Wilson J. 2006. Developing creativity in tourist experiences: A solution to the serial reproduction of culture?, Tourism Management, 27, pp. 1408-1413. Richards, G. and Wilson, J. 2007. Tourism, creativity and development. London: Routledge Law, R., and Au, N. 1999. A neural network model to forecast Japanese demand for travel to Hong Kong. Tourism Management, 20, pp.8997 Law, R. 2001. The impact of the Asian financial crisis on Japanese demand for travel to Hong Kong: A study of various forecasting techniques. Journal of Travel Tourism Marketing, 10(2/3), pp. 47-65. Law, R., and Au, N. 1999. A neural network model to forecast Japanese demand for travel to Hong Kong. Tourism Management, 20, pp. 89-97. Law, R., Goh, C., and Pine, R. 2004. Modeling tourism demand: A decision rules based approach. Journal of Travel Tourism Marketing, 16(2/3), pp. 61-69. Stern, N. 2006. TheEconomicsof ClimateChange:TheSternReview. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press Gossling, S. and Hal, C.M. 2006. An introductiontotourism and global environmental change. Tourism and Global Environmental Change. London: Routledge. Scot , D. 2006. Climate change and sustainable tourism inthe 21stcentury, Tourism Research: Policy, Planning,and Prospects. Waterloo: Department of GeographyPublicationSeries, University of Waterloo. Becken, S. and Hay, J. 2007. Tourism and climatechangerisksand opportunities. Cleveland: Channel View Publications. Gossling, S. 2002. Global environmental consequencesof tourism. Global Environmental Change, 12 (4), pp. 283302. Amelung, B., Nichol, S. and Viner, D. 2007. Implicationsof global climate change fortourism flowsandseasonality. Journal of Travel Research, 45 (3), pp. 285296. Scot, D. 2006. Global environmental change and mountaintourism, Tourism and Global Environmental Change. London: Routledge. Leon, G., Schiffman, L. and Pearson, K. K. 2007. Consumer Behaviour. New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Swarbrooke, J. and Horner, S. 2004. Consumer Behaviour in tourism. Butterworth Heinemann. Um, S., and Crompton, J. L. 1991. Development of Pleasure Travel Attitude Dimension. Annals of Tourism Research, 18(3), pp. 5004. World Tourism Organization. 1999. Changes in Leisure Time The Impact on Tourism. Spain: Madrid. Kulendran, N., and Witt, S. F. 2003. Forecasting the Demand for International Business Tourism. Journal of Travel Research, 41, pp. 26571. Lathiras, P., and Siriopoulos, C. 1998. The Demand for Tourism to Greece: A Cointegration Approach. Tourism Economics, 4(2), pp. 19185. Morrison, A. 1989. Hospitality and Travel Industry Marketing. New York: Delmar. Wang, C. H. 2004. Predicting tourism demand using fuzzy time series and hybrid grey theory. Tourism Management, 25, pp. 367-374. Ward, F. A., and Beal, D. 2000. Valuing nature with travel cost models. Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Palmer, A., Montao, J. J., and Ses, A. 2006. Designing an artificial neural network for forecasting tourism time series. Tourism Management, 27, pp. 781-790. Papatheodorou, A. 2001. Why people travel to different places. Annals of Tourism Research 28(1), pp. 164-179. Rugg, D. 1973. The choice of journey destination: A theoretical and empirical analysis. Review of Economics and Statistics, 55(1), pp. 64-72.

International Strategic Management Honda Entering USA

Introduction Most multinational corporations analyse the political risks associated with investing in a particular country in order to avoid the risk of financial losses.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on International Strategic Management: Honda Entering USA specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, it should be noted that, effectively managing political risk can also be beneficial to companies in that it can help them take advantage of opportunities that they may not have identified if they had not carried out the risk analysis. This political risk assessment of the US business environment by Honda Corporation will therefore be carried for two purposes; to identify the risks facing the company and to identify the benefits that the company might realise in the event that they invest there (Jakobsen, 2010). Political environment It is very clear that country politics and the politicians do not operate separately fr om other affairs of a country and therefore most of the political changes that are experienced in a country are as a result of the various changes in the economic, social and cultural aspects of the country. This shows that even though most regulatory measures such as tax rates are decided upon by politicians, these regulations and considerations will generally be based on the economic conditions such as the economic status of the country and the effect these new regulations will have on the economy as a whole. This shows the importance of analysing the political environment of a country in relation to its effect on the operations of a multinational company planning to invest there. Rules and regulations established by politicians in the course of normal legislative duties impact on the activities of a business in terms of influencing the operational costs. These regulations also influence the marketing and distribution strategies adopted by a company in that particular country (Jen sen, 2006).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In the US, one of the major features of the economy is the way the private sector is allowed a lot of freedom to the extent that most of the economic decisions that determine the direction and the extent of production of the economy are made by members of the private sector. This is made possible due to the relatively low levels of regulations on business activities and the low levels of government intervention on the activities of the private business sector. The court system is also a major contributor to this freedom as it is charged with the responsibility of enforcing contracts and protecting the intellectual property of business entities. This freedom has contributed to the growth of businesses in the US and to the rapid growth of the economy of the country (Jensen, 2008). One of the major influences of political regulations in the US is the enactment of the Sarbanes-Oxley – 2002 which brought about stringent regulations on the financial reporting of companies operating in the country (Jain Rezaee, 2006). This has the implication that if the management of Honda decides to invest in the US, then they have to comply with the requirements of this act. Analysing the business environment of the US today reveals that the government has always tried to develop the country’s economy based on free competition and capitalism. This has been done through establishing laws and regulations that promote business operations in the country as well as the entry and operations of multinational corporations like Honda. Conclusion Based on the evaluation of the current business environment in the US, Honda Corporation can enter the US market because the country provides a good political environment for the business operations of multinational corporations.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample o n International Strategic Management: Honda Entering USA specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, the management of the company must prepare to comply with the regulations of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act 2002 which requires the restructuring of the financial reporting process to allow more openness and transparency. Competition is also stiff in the US and therefore Honda must develop quality products and services in order to survive in business. References Jain, P. K., Rezaee, Z. 2006, The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and capital-market behavior: Early evidence. Contemporary Accounting Research, vol. 23 no. 3 pp. 629-654. Jakobsen, J. 2010, Old problems remain, new ones crop up: Political risk in the 21st century, Business Horizons, vol. 53 no. 5, pp. 481-490. Jensen, N. M. 2006, Nation-states and the multinational corporation, Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press Jensen, N. M. 2008, Political Risk, Democratic Institutions, and Foreign Direct Investment, Journal of Politics, vol. 70, no. 4, pp. 1040-1052. This essay on International Strategic Management: Honda Entering USA was written and submitted by user Julissa C. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Definition and Examples of Personification

Definition and Examples of Personification Definition Personification is a  trope or figure of speech (generally considered a type of metaphor) in which an inanimate object or abstraction is given human qualities or abilities. The term in classical rhetoric for personification is prosopopoeia. See Examples and Observations below. Also, see: What Is Personification?AllegoryApostrophe (Rhetoric)Ontological MetaphorPersonification Is Alive and WellTeaching the Figures of Speech in MoviesThe Top 20 Figures of Speech Examples of Personification in Essays and Novels James Weldon Johnsons New York in the Early 1900sThe Old Oak of Andover, by Harriet Beecher StoweOn a Rainy Morning, by C. S. BrooksPersonification in Jonathan Lethems Motherless BrooklynThe Story of a Garden, by Mabel Wright Examples and Observations Oreo: Milk’s favorite cookie.  (slogan on a package of Oreo cookies)The wind stood up and gave a shout.He whistled on his fingers andKicked the withered leaves aboutAnd thumped the branches with his handAnd said hed kill and kill and kill,And so he will! And so he will!(James Stephens, The Wind)The fog had crept into the taxi where it crouched panting in a traffic jam. It oozed in ungenially, to smear sooty fingers over the two elegant young people who sat inside.(Margery Allingham, The Tiger in the Smoke, 1952)Only the champion daisy trees were serene. After all, they were part of a rain forest already two thousand years old and scheduled for eternity, so they ignored the men and continued to rock the diamondbacks that slept in their arms. It took the river to persuade them that indeed the world was altered. (Toni Morrison, Tar Baby, 1981)The small waves were the same, chucking the rowboat under the chin as we fished at anchor.(E.B. White, Once More to the Lake, 1941)The ro ad isnt built that can make it breathe hard! (slogan for Chevrolet automobiles) Unseen, in the background, Fate was quietly slipping the lead into the boxing gloves. (P.G. Wodehouse, Very Good, Jeeves, 1930)They crossed another yard, where hulks of obsolete machinery crouched, bleeding rust into their blankets of snow . . .. (David Lodge, Nice Work. Viking, 1988)Fear knocked on the door. Faith answered. There was no one there.(proverb quoted by Christopher Moltisanti, The Sopranos)Pimento eyes bulged in their olive sockets. Lying on a ring of onion, a tomato slice exposed its seedy smile . . .. (Toni Morrison, Love: A Novel. Alfred A. Knopf, 2003)Good morning, America, how are you?Dont you know me Im your native son.Im the train they call the City of New Orleans;Ill be gone five hundred miles when the day is done.(Steve Goodman, The City of New Orleans, 1972)The only monster here is the gambling monster that has enslaved your mother! I call him Gamblor, and its time to snatch your mother from his neon claws! (Homer Simpson, The Simpsons)The operation is over. On the table, the knife lies spent, on its side, the bloody meal smear-dried upon its flanks. The knife rests.And waits.(Richard Selzer, The Knife. Mortal Lessons: Notes on the Art of Surgery. Simon Schuster, 1976) Dirk turned on the car wipers, which grumbled because they didnt have quite enough rain to wipe away, so he turned them off again. Rain quickly speckled the windscreen.He turned on the wipers again, but they still refused to feel that the exercise was worthwhile, and scraped and squeaked in protest.(Douglas Adams, The Long Dark Tea-Time of the Soul. William Heinemann, 1988)Joy’s trick is to supplyDry lips with what can cool and slake,Leaving them dumbstruck also with an acheNothing can satisfy.(Richard Wilbur, Hamlen Brook)Outside, the sun springs down on the rough and tumbling town. It runs through the hedges of Goosegog Lane, cuffing the birds to sing. Spring whips green down Cockle Row, and the shells ring out. Llaregyb this snip of a morning is wildfruit and warm, the streets, fields, sands and waters springing in the young sun.(Dylan Thomas, Under Milk Wood, 1954) Roger Angells Personifications of Death Death, meanwhile, was constantly onstage or changing costume for his next engagementas Bergman’s thick-faced chess player; as the medieval night-rider in a hoodie; as Woody Allen’s awkward visitor half-falling into the room as he enters through the window; as W.C. Fields’s man in the bright nightgownand in my mind had gone from spectre to a waiting second-level celebrity on the Letterman show. Or almost. Some people I knew seemed to have lost all fear when dying and awaited the end with a certain impatience. I’m tired of lying here, said one. Why is this taking so long? asked another. Death will get it on with me eventually, and stay much too long, and though I’m in no hurry about the meeting, I feel I know him almost too well by now.  (Roger Angell, This Old Man. The New Yorker, February 17, 2014)   Harriet Beecher Stowes Old Oak Right opposite our house, on our Mount Clear, is an old oak, the apostle of the primeval forest. . . . His limbs have been here and there shattered; his back begins to look mossy and dilapidated; but after all, there is a piquant, decided air about him, that speaks the old age of a tree of distinction, a kingly oak. Today I see him standing, dimly revealed through the mist of falling snows; tomorrows sun will show the outline of his gnarled limbsall rose color with their soft snow burden; and again a few months, and spring will breathe on him, and he will draw a long breath, and break out once more, for the three-hundredth time, perhaps, into a vernal crown of leaves.  (Harriet Beecher Stowe, The Old Oak of Andover, 1855)   Shakespeares Use of Personification Do villainy, do, since you protest to dot,Like workmen. Ill example you with thievery.The suns a thief, and with his great attractionRobs the vast sea; the moons an arrant thief,And her pale fire she snatches from the sun;The seas a thief, whose liquid surge resolvesThe moon into salt tears; the earths a thief,That feeds and breeds by a composture stolenFrom general excrement: each things a thief.(Timon in Timon of Athens by William Shakespeare)   Frauds Tears Next came Fraud, and he had on,Like Eldon, an ermined gown;His big tears, for he wept well,Turned to mill-stones as they fell.And the little children, whoRound his feet played to and fro,Thinking every tear a gem,Had their brains knocked out by them.(Percy Bysshe Shelley, The Mask of Anarchy)   Two Types of Personification [I]t is necessary to distinguish two meanings of the term personification. One refers to the practice of giving an actual personality to an abstraction. This practice has its origins in animism and ancient religion, and it is called personification by modern theorists of religion and anthropology.The other meaning of personification . . . is the historical sense of prosopopoeia. This refers to the practice of giving a consciously fictional personality to an abstraction, impersonating it. This rhetorical practice requires a separation between the literary pretense of a personality and the actual state of affairs.(Jon Whitman, Allegory: The Dynamics of an Ancient and Medieval Technique. Harvard University Press, 1987)   Personification Today Personification, with allegory, was the literary rage in the 18th century, but it goes against the modern grain and today is the feeblest of metaphorical devices.(Rene Cappon, Associated Press Guide to News Writing, 2000)In present-day English, [personification] has taken on a new lease of life in the media, especially film and advertising, although literary critics like Northrop Frye (cited in Paxson 1994: 172) might well think it is devalued. . . .Linguistically, personification is marked by one or more of the following devices:(Katie Wales, Personal Pronouns in Present-Day English. Cambridge University Press, 1996) the potentiality for the referent to be addressed by you (or thou);the assignment of the faculty of speech (and hence the potential occurrence of I);the assignment of a personal name;co-occurrence of personified NP with he/she;reference to human/animal attributes: what TG would thus term the violation of selection restrictions (e.g. the sun slept). The Lighter Side of Personification [inside SpongeBobs mind]   SpongeBob boss: Hurry up! What do you think Im paying you for?SpongeBob worker: You dont pay me. You dont even exist. Were just a clever visual metaphor used to personify the abstract concept of thought.SpongeBob boss: One more crack like that and youre outta here!SpongeBob worker: No, please! I have three kids!(No Weenies Allowed, SpongeBob SquarePants, 2002) There was a time when music knew its place. No longer. Possibly this is not musics fault. It may be that music fell in with a bad crowd and lost its sense of common decency. I am willing to consider this. I am willing to even to try and help. I would like to do my bit to set music straight in order that it might shape up and leave the mainstream of society. The first thing that music must understand is that there are two kinds of musicgood music and bad music. Good music is music that I want to hear. Bad music is music that I dont want to hear.(Fran Lebowitz, The Sound of Music: Enough Already. Metropolitan Life, E.P. Dutton, 1978) Pronunciation: per-SON-if-i-KAY-shun Also Known As: prosopopoeia

Academic Literacies through Sustainability

Sustainable tourism’s main purpose is to create a balance between the maintenance of cultural integrity, protection of the environment and establishing social justice while promoting economic benefits. These encompass the three pillars of sustainability that include economic, socio-cultural and environmental.   Various key sustainability issues need to be considered in each of these pillars to be able to achieve sustainable tourism. In the economic pillar, the tourism operators ought to hire and source locally to ensure that income earned benefits the local community by improving their living standards. In the environmental pillar, the natural and man-made environment should be conserved. This includes water sources, forests, monuments, natural landmarks among others. People should not litter to maintain the beauty of places they visit and utilize environmental conservation strategies like considering walking and not disturbing flora and fauna. In the socio-cultural pillar, the aim is to promote the positive socio-cultural impacts of tourism while reducing the negative impacts. Here, the positive factors include the exchange of cultural values where sustainability enhances protection of the cultural heritage of a particular people and preserving local traditions. An argument can be placed that the economic pillar should be prioritized as tourism mostly brings about economic growth. However, for there to be sustainable tourism, all pillars must be balanced and prioritized equally. This is so because if there were a prolonged recession, the environmental pillar would be affected substantially leading to its destruction as everyone would concentrate on high consumption now and forget to save the environment. On the other hand, if a war could break out the environment would be destroyed too.   For sustainable tourism to be achieved, all pillars must be prioritized and balanced.

Relation between service quality and customer satisfaction Essay

Relation between service quality and customer satisfaction - Essay Example The researcher states that a look into the related literature proves that both quality and satisfaction are often used interchangeably as if both are the same construct. However, a closer look reveals that both are different concepts which are very similar to each other. According to many researchers, customer satisfaction is a function of discrepancy between a customer’s previous expectations and the customer’s perceptions regarding the new purchase. In simple words, if the customer feels that the service is better than what is expected, there is customer satisfaction. Now, a look into the concept of service quality proves that it is defined as the comparative function between customer expectations and actual service rendered. Thus, one reaches the notion that while customer satisfaction is a more specific, short-term evaluation that is influenced by actual service quality and customer expectations, actual service quality is more general and long term evaluation. In si mple words, service quality is just one important factor that can ensure customer satisfaction. Here, one point becomes evident; customer expectation is an important factor that can influence customer satisfaction. Now, a look into the related literature proves that customer expectation is the product of a number of factors. These factors range from word of mouth communications from other customers, personal needs of customers, past experiences, and external communications from service providers including the price-quality relationship.    Now, it becomes necessary to elaborate each of these points in detail. First of all, it is common for all customers to develop some expectations about the service to be received based on the word of mouth feedback from ones friends and acquaintances. Another point is the influence of ones personal needs. For example, one customer might visit a sports centre as a way to socialise while another one may visit in order to keep oneself fit. Another p oint of consideration is the fact that some customers develop their own expectations based on their prior experiences in similar situations. That means, the customers are likely to weigh the service against the service they received in the past in order to decide whether the service is satisfactory.    Another important area of consideration is the influence of external communications on customer expectations. External communication means the accuracy of information that comes out through promotion regarding the quality of service. Once the promotional materials provide high expectations and fail to provide the same quality service in practice, there will be customer dissatisfaction. Thus, it becomes evident that the promotional materials should only contain factual, objective information that can be useful for the customers in making informed choices. In other words, the expectations of the customers that are developed through promotion should meet the actual quality of service.    Now, a look into the work by  Iacobucci et al (1995)  proves that both customer satisfaction and service quality are very similar to each other because of the similarities in their antecedents. For example, according to the scholars, the antecedents of service quality are price, back-stage, and expertise. Similarly, the factors that lead to customer satisfaction are timeliness, service recovery, and physical environment  (ibid). Now, a closer look reveals a factor that is rather interesting. All the antecedents of

Roman republic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Roman republic - Essay Example The tremendous growth of the Roman Empire has led to the creation of a political division among the The rise of the generals has been facilitated by the social war in Rome, the uprising of the infamous Spartacus, and can also be said to have originated to the Gracchi brothers. It can be recalled that prior to the rise of generals, the ruling class is comprised of senators who often abuse their power in order to pursue their self-will. This was changed after by the Gracchi brothers: â€Å"The emergence, and eventual assassination of the Gracchi brothers, Tiberius and Gaius, is often considered the first major step towards the fall of the Roman Republic† (The Gracci Brothers 1). These brothers have completely altered the political landscape by introducing sweeping economic reforms which are very detrimental to the senatorial class. This move has caused division and created two political factions known as populares and optimates. This eventually led social wars as the sentiments of the poor has been geared toward achieving the freedom from the cruelty and slavery of the upper class. As the causes pursued by the populares become increasingly popular among the common citizens, it should be noted that generals gain more power especially through the election of Gaius Marius who is famous because of his military leadership. The insurrection of the slaves has been highlighted by the revolt of Spartacus, a freeborn provincial from Thrace. It should be noted that Spartacus is a gladiator who has escaped together with 70-80 others at the gladiatorial school of Batiatus in Capua. Spartacus has been very victorious in conquering cities and states in Italy increasing his number of followers to 120,000 at the height of the revolt (Spartacus 10). Having identified himself with the generals or the populares, his revolt highlights the rise of the generals in Rome. I

Social Psychological Theories of Aggression Essay Example for Free

Social Psychological Theories of Aggression Essay With increasing violence in the Big Brother House I have been asked to create a report that explains this violence occurring in the Big Brother House in terms of two or more social psychological theories.  In general the violence in the big brother house is escalating and theories need to be brought to the attention of the media bosses in order to explain this aggression. The violence does not need to be stopped as the house mates are not breaking any of the Big Brother rules behaving in this manner. Violence on this show can not be viewed as a negative aspect as it increases the number of viewers. However it does need to be explained logically. One explanation could be the Social Learning Theory.  In order for such learning to take place a person must observe persons behaviour and imitate this in the future. The concept of identification is also important as the individual is more likely to imitate some he/she identifies with, in this case it could be another house mate or perhaps previous contestants on the Big Brother show.  For this there are three stages  Ã‚  The Registration Stage, where the observer must pay attention to the model. The observers attention is influenced by characteristics of both the observer and the model. The Storage Stage is when the observer may code and organise the information in relation to any reinforces present, past experiences, expectation, relevance etc  Ã‚  And finally the Retrieval Stage is when the reinforcers determine whether the behaviour is imitated and the observers performance will be dependant on the persons ability to perform the act.  From this one idea would be that these contestants are just mimicking other house mates actions. This is one an idea but I believe it is that the new house mates are mimicking other years Big Brothers contestants. This is due to the fact that if you want to go onto Big brother you would like to become famous, and most of the time the most aggressive, avoidant, destructive contestants are the ones who get the most air time and incidentally are more widely known in society thereafter. There are many studies that support this view, of which one of the most astounding is that of Bandura et al 63 which was based on two groups of children where an experimental group observed an adult play aggressively with a 5 foot inflatable doll. The control condition observed an adult play properly in the room ignoring the doll completely. The findings from this study showed that the children from this experimental group showed significantly more verbal and physical acts of aggression than the control group, supporting evidence that they imitated the behaviour of the role model. On the other hand the children could have just copied the adults actions as it is a novel situation, or were unsure of how to play with the bobo doll and just followed the adults actions. Also with young children it would be hard to generalise the findings to adults, in particular our contestants. Not entirely supporting the views of learning, Banduras study shows learning still could be a contributing factor. This is because there are still many other ways of learning to be aggressive, for example learning from society, your family, and more often than not, the media. One attempt at showing how behaviours could be learnt from the media is from Manstead et al 95 in which he outlines these five variables;  1. If the observed behaviour is thought to be real it is more likely to be imitated. 2. If viewers identify with the aggressor then they are more likely to imitate.  3. If the aggressive behaviour is based on revenge it is more likely to be copied than aggressive behaviour based on achieving goals.  4. If the behaviour is seen to be just then it is more likely to be imitated.  5. Aggressive behaviour which is followed by punishment is less likely to be pursued.  With these five variables comes the proposition that acts of violence have to follow two other criteria to be considered as acts of violence;  1. People, human groups or living things (including animals with human characteristics) are physically harmed, restrained, barely escape death, injury, pain etc 2. Also that the harm is caused by or explained in terms of the behaviour of other people  So if the media is to blame why isnt all of society acting aggressive, and not just out housemates? The main answer is that most of the media (not including news bulletins which have around 1%) have between 37 and 80% non aggressive incidents within a typical programme, documentary or article.  This then means that the Big Brother contestants that are behaving aggressively see the same percentage of aggression within the media as the non-aggressive contestants. Which leads to the next question, why are they all not behaving quite similar? Well I believe there has to be an underlying factor that changes the level of aggression shown by different people, as we are all exposed to the same amount of violence in the media. I believe that comes in the form of relative deprivation. This proposes that the cause of a conflict is the unacceptable discrepancy between what people think they have a right to expect, and what people (given current social conditions) are actually able to obtain. In the case of the Big Brother aggression the relative deprivation theory offers an explanation which is based on the contrast between groups expected and actual access and prosperity to power. This is always seen in every Big Brother series as there are independent groups that form within the first week and then contrast on views with other groups of people within the Big Brother House. This is portrayed well over the television and the whole series and is sometimes used by the producers to increase conflict within the house which in turn then increases ratings. This is done by giving groups of people more access or the notion that they have more access to luxury goods for example alcohol, cigarettes, chocolate etc this then leads on to absolute deprivation (Gurr 70) where some groups of people are actually worse off than others within a proximity.

The Philosophies of John Stuart Mill as a Guide for the World Essay

The Philosophies of John Stuart Mill as a Guide for the World Dr. Pest's comments: This student's term paper is a model of how to apply the philosophical concepts of a previous century to our present society. She showed how the ideas of John Stuart Mill can be used by intelligent people to construct a society with more opportunities for women and to insure respect for intellectual freedom. As the world moves into the twenty-first century, it faces many problems. War, disease, over-population, and starvation are examples of problems that have yet to be solved. However, progress has been made in many areas that aid in the reduction of human misery. Diseases, through research and scientific study, are better understood—many that formerly were considered deadly are now treatable. Advances in agricultural technology have enabled crops to be grown in great abundance, and thus feed many more people than was possible previously. Unfortunately, there are several problems that seem to defy any of the world's best efforts to remedy them. The subjection of women in much of the world leads to much human misery, as well as being a waste of half of the population where it takes place. The attitude that a woman should be under the rule of a man is one that has only recently changed in the West (and not universally there); in many parts of the world women are no better off than they were hundreds of years ago in this respect. Even in the United States there are many who advocate women's restriction to a submissive role in the home; many of these people are part of the religious right, a politically vigorous group. It is difficult to hope that less advanced nations will take the initiative in freeing women from political and social rest... ... Unity (Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1998), 40. 11 Ibid., 41-42, 47-48. 12 Ibid., 42-47 13 Mi11 and Mill, Essays on Sex Equality, 190-191. 14 Ibid., 183. 15 Bodman and Tohidi, Women in Muslim Societies, 93. 16 Mi11 and Mill, Essays On Sex Equality, 77. 17 John Stuart Mill, Three Essays on Religion (Amherst: Prometheus Books, 1998), 242. 18 Mahnaz Afkhami,ed., Faith and Freedom: Women 's Human Rights in the Muslim World (Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1995), 140. 19 Ibid, 177-179. 20 Ibid., 144. 21 New Era Encyclopedia, 1992 ed., s.v. "Sharia," by Larry B. Miller. 22 Ibid. 23 Mills, Three Essays on Religion, 139. 24 Delos B. McKown, The Mythmaker’s Magic: Behind the illusion of "Creation Science" (Buffalo: Prometheus Books, 1993), 29. 25 Mi11, Three Essays on Religion, 242-43. 26 McKown, The Mythmaker 's Magic, 55. 27 Ibid., 64.

540 Week 5 Questions Essay

How does labeling cause deviance? What is the difference between primary and secondary deviance?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   According to the labeling theory that was developed and popularized by Howard S. Becker in conjunction with Frank Tannenbaum, the behavior of society to categorize persons into specific groups based on society’s perceptions about such people leads to deviance. As per this theory, society invents, selects, and manipulates the convictions that negatively view certain behaviors before placing the supposedly deviant people into such categories. The deviant person is thus regarded as being ethically inferior. Afterwards, deviants internalize such society-ascribed identities before ultimately beginning to act as per a certain label (Stark, 2007). Deviants then assume unexpected behaviors in a bid to obey the rules of the assigned label.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Primary deviance is evident when deviance demonstrates itself before society categorizes such behavior as constituting deviance. In addition, it is the deviance that is placed onto an individual via the acts of reporting or confession. Conversely, secondary deviance exhibits itself after one has committed a societal wrong, has attracted societal reaction by being categorized as a deviant, and has internalized the deviance. The deviant then adopts the behavior that made them to be classified as deviants. What are some examples of master status not in the text? What are traits associated with them? How do those assumed traits affect our perceptions of people with that status?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Some illustrations of master statuses include being unemployed, ethnicity, religion, and education. These master statuses have certain traits that are usually associated with them (Macionis, 2005). For instance, the unemployed master status has the common traits of always being in need of money, demonstrating anxiety, and being unhappy. Conversely, the ethnicity orientation master status is characterized by a shared heritage, common language, shared culture, as well as a shared ancestry. On the other hand, the education master status has the characteristics of being knowledgeable, having critical and analytical skills, and being free of common biases found among uneducated persons. In contrast, the religion master status has the traits of common beliefs, common deities, as well as shared religious practices.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The aforementioned traits lead society into having specific views about people depicting such statuses. For example, the characteristic of being knowledgeable among people with the education master status makes society to have respect for such people. Conversely, the needy trait among those exhibiting the master status of being unemployed makes society to view such people as being more likely to trouble society while begging for alms. What are decision-making types used by rational choice theory? How do these decisions apply to crime?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Two of the major decision-making types in rational choice theory include indifference and strict preference. These preference types have relationships with crime, whereby criminals apply them with regard to whether or not to engage in criminal behavior (Fernandez-Huerga, 2008). For example, in relation to strict preference, whereby a person demonstrates a preference for B to A, a criminal has the absolute choice of either committing a crime or not. The offender thus makes a clear choice to either commit an offense or desist from doing so. On the other hand, regarding the indifference type of preference, a criminal engages in unacceptable behavior not out of their own free and unbridled will, but rather as a result of prevailing circumstances. Since the offender does not demonstrate a clear inclination towards a certain action (of either enraging in lawbreaking acts or refraining from such an action), they do not prefer like one option or t he other. References Fernandez-Huerga (2008.) The economic behavior of human beings: The institutionalist post-Keynesian model. Journal of Economic Issues, 42, 3: 23-8. Macionis, J. J. (2005). Sociology, 10th Ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education. Stark, R. (2007).  Sociology: Biological theories of deviance (Tenth edition). Belmont, CA. Thomson Wadsworth.

Nike Cost of Capital Essay

Kimi Ford a portfolio manager at NorthPoint Group which is a mutual-fund management firm, is considering to buy some shares from Nike, inc even if it’s share price had declined from the beginning of the year, for the Northpoint Large-cap fund she managed which invested mostly in Fortune 500 companies and it was doing well despite the decline in the stock market over the last 18 months. Kimi therefore surveyed the results of Nike’s fiscal-year 2001which had been revealed a week earlier. Issues that caused a decline in market sales as revealed by the management of Nike 1. Revenues since 1997 had stopped growing but remained around $9. 0 billion. 2. The net income had fallen from $800m to $580m a decline of $220 million. 3. Nike’s market share in the U. S. athletic shoe industry had fallen from 48 percent in 1997 to 42 percent in 2000 (6% decline) 4. The issue of Supply-chain and strong dollar exchange rate also affected the revenue negatively. Nike’s Strategic plan to address the above issues 1. Increase revenues by developing more athletic-shoe products in the mid-priced range. 2. Push its apparel line which had performed tremendously well. 3. Exert more expense control on the cost side. 4. Nike’s executives expressed their interest to continue with the long-term revenue growth target of 8 to 10 percent and earnings-growth targets of above 15 percent. Although the management presented its plan to improve on its performance, there were mixed reactions from the third party analysts. Kimi Ford was also not satisfied with the Nike’s analysis therefore she decided that it was necessary to develop her own discounted-cash-flow forecast. She found that Nike was overvalued at the discounted rate of 12% at its current share price of $42. 09. She also did a quick sensitivity analysis which revealed that Nike was undervalued at discounted rates below 11. 17%. In order for Kimi to make a proper investment decision for her Fund, she asked Joanna Cohen to calculate the cost of capital. However there were some problems. Cohen’s calculation of cost of capital. She used single cost of capital for the apparel and footwear lines assuming that they are sold through the same marketing and distribution channels and are often marketed in other collections of similar designs. WACC (Weighted Average Cost of Capital) WACC is calculated using weighted averages of debt (Kd) and equity (We) Cohen used Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) to calculate WACC 0f 8. 4 % however, she used the book values yet weights should be based on the market value. Her result of $3,494. 5 for the Equity was wrong. The formula for calculating the Market value of equity is E = stock Price x Number of shares outstanding .

Developmental Disability And Aging Analysis Social Work Essay Essays

Developmental Disability And Aging Analysis Social Work Essay Essays Developmental Disability And Aging Analysis Social Work Essay Essay Developmental Disability And Aging Analysis Social Work Essay Essay Aging people with a developmental disablement have been populating every bit long as people in the general population ( Brown A ; Percy, 2003 ) . However, the populations of people who are aging with a disablement age 20 to twenty five old ages faster than an aging grownup without a disablement. Therefore, health professionals may non understand the issues that are happening ( Kailes, 2008 ) . There is an sweetening in wellness attention, betterments in nutrition and criterions of life have been increased, this could be the ground why aging people with a disablement are populating longer ( Brown A ; Percy, 2003 ) . This besides could be because there are more supports set in topographic point for persons. Peoples with developmental disablements did non unrecorded past the age of 20 legion old ages ago, a ground for this could be that these persons did nt hold picks and where kept in refuges where they were mistreated ( Brown A ; Percy, Developmenatal disablements, 2003 ) . Now a t wenty-four hours s, persons have picks to populate life as they see fit. This has led us to believe that their quality of life has increased because these persons are populating a full life filled with hopes, and dreams. Since people with a developmental disablement are populating longer, they are faced with the same aging concerns as the following individual, for case, Alzheimer disease, respiratory jobs, and loss of vision and hearing are all aging issues ( Brown A ; Percy, Developmental Disabilities, 2003 ) . Peoples with developmental disablements are more prone to certain wellness issues because their immune system is weaker and the opportunities of acquiring ill are increased. Besides, aging people with disablements have a hard clip happening proper wellness attention ( Brown A ; Percy, Developmental Disabilities, 2003 ) . These persons deserve the same intervention as you and I receive ; nevertheless, the medical universe may hold a hard clip naming the job due to the indiv idual s age and their disablement. This could be because their communicating may non be as strong ; hence, it could do a job with happening the proper medicine or interventions ( Brown A ; Percy, Developmental Disabilities, 2003 ) Family Care and Supports When household members such as, parents, siblings, aunts or uncles attention for an aged individual with a disablement, it can be strenuous on everyone involved because happening attention for persons can be hard. When the duty lies on the household members they may non hold the resources for their loved 1s. With that being said, one of the biggest barriers for aging people with disablements is the deficiency of proper supports needed for these persons ( Kailes, 2008 ) . This can do household members to emphasize because they may experience they re non making plenty. This can be a burdensome period for all involved because there is a batch of planning and determination devising when their loved 1s are in the phases of excess attention. Families need compassion and supports to get the better of these barriers and necessitate a spot of understanding. Most times it is a parent that cares for these persons until they can non, any longer. Some of the things that health professionals or household members need to believe about are wellness attention, fiscal planning, populating agreements, and a determination shaper if the aging grownup is unable to make so for themselves. If a Care giver or household member becomes ill themselves, or even passes off before holding a future program set for their loved 1s, it can be chilling and confusing clip for the person if they need aid or have specific demands. This means household members and/or health professionals need to believe about the different supports that are needed to be set in topographic point for the aging individual. However, one of the jobs with happening attention for aging people with a disablement is the long waiting list to acquire any aid. As of March 10, 2010, six hundred people where on the waiting list at Brampton Caledon Community Living group place ( BCCL ) ( Criscione, 2010 ) . Some people have waited longer than a decennary to acquire the service they n eeded ( Criscione, 2010 ) . Some of the installations that can assist health professionals or household members are Mary Centre, Community Care Accesses Centre, Baycrest and Older Adults Centres Association of Ontario. At Mary Centre they value the self-respect, unity, individualism and duty of all persons that walk through their doors ( Mary Centre, n.d ) . They want to supply new chances for grownups with developmental disablements and ever works toward assisting these persons achieve greater assurance and personal independency, so they can take portion in carry throughing educational, employment and life experiences ( Mary Centre, n.d ) . Community Care Accesses Centre ( CCAC ) is a great organisation for that person who finally wants to populate independently in their ain place or encourages these persons to use for admittance to a long term attention place ( CCAC, 2010 ) . CCAC works together while affecting doctors, hospital squads and other wellness attention suppliers to heighten entree and co-ordinati on for people who need attention in the community ( CCAC, 2010 ) . At Baycrest they focus on aging persons with disablements and are bettering the wellness of these persons through their research and instruction ( Baycrest, 2011 ) . They provide attention for persons seeking health plans, residential lodging and outpatient clinics ( Baycrest, 2011 ) . This organisation finally wants to supply attention to aging persons and wants to go on back uping this population. Last, at Older Adults Centres Association of Ontario ( OACAO ) they are an organisation of senior Centres and are dedicated to advancing chances that lead to healthy and active life manners ( OACAO, n.d ) . Everyone is involved seven yearss a hebdomad and people at OACAO are said to be astonishing ( OACAO, n.d ) . It is besides a fantastic topographic point for seniors to travel to have support throughout all facets of their twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours lives. Fiscal One of the income supports available to older grownups with a developmental disablement is the Ontario Disability Support Program ( ODSP ) . ODSP provides for basic life demands and lodging every bit good as offering employment aid by supplying support in assisting people enter into the work force. In add-on, other support benefits included in ODSP are directed toward wellness and single demands. In order to measure up for ODSP, an single must be 18 old ages of age or older, and have a disablement which meets the general standard of a disablement every bit good as the fiscal demands stated by the ODSP. The check is collectible straight to the individual unless there are palliating fortunes, or the individual with the disablement marks a legal papers saying that money be paid elsewhere, such as for lodging. Another fiscal support available is the Old Age Security ( OAS ) . OAS fiscal assistance is an sum paid to about all Canadians over the age of 65. Stipulations in order to have sup port include: being older than 65, holding Canadian citizenship or legal residence in Canada, and must hold lived in Canada for more than ten old ages after going 18 old ages old. A full OAS pension is merely collectible to individuals populating in Canada for more than forty old ages. Some persons may besides measure up for the Canadian Pension Plan Disability Benefit ( CPP ) , if they have already sufficiently contributed to the CPP. The CPP is merely available to individuals whose disablement prohibits them from keeping regular employment. In add-on, the disablement must last for a really long clip, or be terminal. Disabilities experienced after the age of sixty- five do non run into the standards. If a individual is deemed incapable of pull offing his/her ain support, so a Power of Attorney may make so. The assorted Governments funding available in Canada allows for adjustment, basic life disbursals and money for specialised services and equipment. Everyone over the age of 18 should hold a Power of Attorney ( utility determination shaper ) to forestall aliens and people who do non hold their best involvements at bosom make determinations for them, if unable to make for themselves. Harmonizing to the jurisprudence, there are some limitations as to who may be appointed as a Power of Attorney: the informants must be 18 old ages of age or older, and can non be either the kid or partner of the individual who has chosen the lawyer. The papers itself must be signed and dated by the individual taking the Power of Attorney, the appointed person, every bit good as two informants. This ensures the legality of the papers. A attorney is recommended for audience in all facets of the Power of Attorney for Personal Care papers so that it is done decently, therefore protecting the determinations and desires of the individual. If an person with a developmental disablement is unable to take their ain Power of Attorney, the Consent and Capacity Bo ard ( was begun under the Mental Health Act, specifically to keep hearings sing utility decision-making ) authorization to name the person s parent or legal defender. The Board is able to form hearings to make this harmonizing to the Health Care Consent Act and the Substitute Decisions Act, which are governed by statute law. Maltreatment Maltreatment and disregard of people with developmental disablements should be a public wellness concern because persons with developmental disablements are more likely to be victimized more frequently than other citizens are and are at higher hazard for re-victimization ( Qam Training ) . Peoples with developmental disablements are besides frequently badly abused and for longer periods. Most normally are persons victimized in their places by individuals they know, and who may be responsible for their services and supports ( Qam Training ) . Peoples with developmental disablements are inadequately educated and supported to acknowledge, countermove, and prosecute options to opprobrious fortunes ( Abuse and Neglect of Adults with Developmental Disabilities: A Public Health Priority for the State of California, 2003 ) . Peoples with disablements have different profiles for victimization and maltreatment than the non-disabled population ( Abuse and Neglect of Adults with Developmental Disabilities: A Public Health Priority for the State of California, 2003 ) . There are many questions as to why persons withhold from showing to us they are being abused. There are some specific replies, like they fear acquiring in problem for coverage, and that they are neer believed, so why study ( Qam Training ) . Additionally, fright of revenge from the offender if they do describe, or horror that they will hold to travel from their place as a solution to the maltreatment happening ( Abuse and Neglect of Adults with Developmental Disabilities: A Public Health Priority for the State of California, 2003 ) . Some individuals with developmental disablements must number on others to place that they are being abused, and to take appropriate action to advise constabulary ( Qam Training ) . Yet few household members, supports, and suppliers are adequately educated to acknowledge marks of maltreatment in persons with developmental disablements ( Abuse and Neglect of Adults with Developmental Disabilities: A Public Health Priority for the State of California, 2003 ) . Service Workers should look for countries of distrustful bruising which include the interior thighs, back of an person s legs, their eyes, upper weaponries and their upper back. The human organic structure is formed in a manner that when an single falls normal countries of hurt are the individuals articulatio genuss, shins, custodies, and their brow ( Qam Training ) . Double Diagnoses and Comorbidity Adults with a developmental disablement are at the same danger for Alzheimer s disease or other signifiers of dementedness as are persons in the general public. However, there are persons with a developmental disablement who are at greater hazard of developing these diseases. These hazard factors include if the person is over 40 old ages of age and has Down syndrome. Peoples with Down syndrome make up approx. 60 per centum of the grownups with developmental disablements who show marks of likely Alzheimer s disease ( Risk factors for Alzheimer s disease or dementedness among people with developmental disablements ) . Although, the presence of these factors does non needfully intend that Alzheimer s disease or a signifier of dementedness will happen. The presence of one or more of these hazards should alarm attention suppliers to the amplified likeliness of the individual with a developmental disablement developing this unwellness ( Risk factors for Alzheimer s disease or dementedness among people with developmental disablements ) . In decision people that are aging with a disablement need a small compassion and apprehension ; there should be a simple and clear way for the aging individual with a disablement and for the household members. This would assist the single header with the trials that are associated with aging ; a positive perceptive can assist everyone involved. The people who are worried for their loved 1s need to acknowledge that a day-to-day and a long term program are needed, particularly if dementedness or other aging concerns start to originate. Their environment should be safe and worry free so they can populate and gracefully age without concern.